【作者】 李红军；

【导师】 李晓昭；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 构造地质， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 播卡金矿位于云贵高原,金沙江与小江的交汇地带,矿区山高坡陡,岩性破粹,给采掘工程的布置和矿山生产带来很大困难。本文通过播卡金矿围岩工程基本特性分析,确定相对合理的开拓方案和采矿方法；并进行矿床经济评价分析,确定盈亏平衡点;利用探地雷达对矿山井巷工程进行超前预警预测,确保矿山施工安全进行。通过取样试验、理论分析、工程监测等手段,对播卡金矿围岩质量特征及巷道围岩稳定性进行研究。同时考虑到采用露采还是硐采等采矿方法的选择,运用钻孔揭露和边坡物探的方法研究了矿区边坡稳定性。得出矿区矿层位于构造破碎带中,大部分岩体破碎,结构面发育,矿区工程地质勘查类型属松散-软弱岩类为主的中等-复杂类型。基于技术上可行、经济上合理等因素的考虑,采用矿床技术经济评价法对比研究了平硐加盲竖井和斜井加盲斜井的开拓方案,经系统比选后得出斜井加盲斜井的开拓方案都更适宜于播卡金矿。在岩体质量评价的基础上,从控制地压与采矿安全的角度,对采矿方法进行了对比研究,最终选择了上向水平分层尾砂胶结充填采矿法和上向进路胶结充填采矿法进行回采。运用盈亏平衡分析和敏感性因子分析对播卡金矿技术经济评价进行了研究,确定了矿山盈亏平衡点42.75%(即年生产5.64万吨矿石时,达到盈亏平衡点,超出该产量时,可盈利,反之亏损)。同时对销售价格、经营成本和建设投资三要素敏感性进行了分析,结果表明：销售价格是最敏感的因素,其次是经营成本和建设投资。应用探地雷达对矿山开采施工中可能遇到的老硐、涌水、围岩破碎等安全隐患进行超前预警预测。所得结果验证了探地雷达可较精确的识别掌子面前方地质体分布情况,对断层破碎带、含水层、空洞等不良地质体具有较高的分辨预报性,并且超前预报成果可为围岩分级变更提供客观直接的参考数据,有效减少或避免工程事故的发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 Boka gold mine is located in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, the intersection zone of Jinsha River and Xiao River. In the mining area, high mountains and steep slops and broken lithology caused great difficulties to the layout of mining engineering and production. By analyzing the basic characteristics of surrounding rock engineering in Boka gold mine, the paper determined the relatively reasonable development scheme and mining method; and undertook economic evaluation and analysis of the mine to deter mine the break-even point; and ground-penetrating radar was used for advanced geological forecast in mining well project to ensure construction safety.By using the method of sample collection, theoretical analysis and engineering monitoring, the quality characteristics of surrounding rock and the stability of roadway surrounding were studied in Boka gold mine. Considering the choice of mining methods between opencut and underground mining, the mine slope stability was studied by the methods of drilling to expose and slope geophysical exploration. It was concluded that the mine seam is located in the structurally fractured zone; the most rock mass was broken and the structural planes developed in this area. The exploration type of mining engineering geology belongs to moderately complex type mainly made up of loose-soft rocks.Based on the consideration of technical feasibility, economical rationality and other factors, the comparative research between the development schemes of mine admit with blind shaft and inclined well with blind shaft by the evaluation of mine technology and economy. The development scheme of inclined well with blind shaft was more suitable for the Boka gold mine by the systematic comparison and selection. In evaluating the quality of rock mass based on the control of underground pressure and safety mining, from a security perspective, a method of mining are studied, the final choice the upward horizontal slicing and tailing cemented filling mining method and the upward drift stop with cemented filling mining method were used in the mining stop By studying the technical and economic evaluation of Boka gold mine with the application of break-even analysis and sensitivity factor analysis, the paper determines the mining break-even point is42.75%(i.e., the annual production is56400tons when the break-even point is achieved; we can gain beyond the yield, conversely loss). Meanwhile, the sensitivity of sales price, operating costs and construction investment were analyzed; the results show that:the sales price is the most sensitive factor, followed by the operating costs and construction investment.The security risks maybe encountered during mining construction, such as old underground workings, water inflow and crushed surrounding rocks, were advanced geological forecasted by using ground penetrating radar. The results verified that the ground penetrating radar can accurately identify the distribution of geological body in front of the tunnel work face, and could forecast unfavorable geological body such as broken fault zone, aquifer, empty geological body with higher resolution, and the advanced forecast results could provide objective and direct reference data for the change of rock mass classification to effectively reduce or avoid the engineering accident.更多还原