【作者】 赵丽丽；

【导师】 于多年；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 车身工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着社会科技的不断进步以及人们对于汽车舒适性要求的日益增高，人机工程学在现代汽车设计中的应用已经占有不可或缺的地位，而驾驶员舒适性又是车辆人机工程学研究的核心内容，在现代汽车的人机设计与校核中具有重要的意义。驾驶员舒适性的影响因素有很多种，其中包含一个重要的方面——驾驶员上下车过程的舒适性，这是因为轿车车身低、车门小，在确定车身侧壁倾斜度及门槛高度等相关参数时，必须要考虑到驾驶员上下车的方便性，这是现代汽车人机舒适性设计中必须要重视的一个方面，然而目前对其相关的研究还远不够深入与广泛，故本文选取驾驶员上下车过程的舒适性为研究对象，对其进行了一系列相关的研究分析。论文内容共分为六章，主要内容包括：首先研究了人体测量学中的测量项目及人体尺寸测量值的统计关系，并在CATIA软件中基于人体测量数据文件建立了论文所需的第50、75、95百分位男性和女性共6组三维人体模型；论述了驾驶员上下车过程中影响舒适性的主要因素，人体对舒适度的感觉主要通过关节角度表现出来，进而又研究了人体各关节部位的活动范围及其相对舒适范围，对其活动范围进行了划分，并赋予相应的分数；然后，在CATIA人机工程模块中以所建立的人体模型为工具，以某三维汽车模型为研究载体，对驾驶员上下车这一过程中的几个关键动作进行了舒适性仿真分析，其中上车过程主要包括驾驶员在车体外部打开车门、迈入驾驶室和驾驶员入座后关闭车门三个动作；下车过程主要包括驾驶员在车体内部打开车门、迈出驾驶室和在车体外部关闭车门三个动作，继而得到相应的每个动作姿态的客观评分报告；最后，利用层次模糊综合评价法建立了驾驶员上下车过程舒适性的评价体系，并运用此方法对整体的驾驶员上下车过程舒适性进行了综合评判。结果表明，该车型驾驶员上下车过程的舒适性基本满足人机工程学的要求。论文不仅深入而又具体地研究了驾驶员上下车过程舒适性这一重要人机方面，还将层次模糊综合评价法应用于该过程的综合评判，对于在汽车概念设计阶段实现驾驶员上下车舒适性的人机设计与校核方面具有一定的参考意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the continuous progress of social technology and increasing growth of consum-ers’ requirements for the car comfort，ergonomics has possess a indispensable status in thedesign of Modern cars. The driver’s comfort is the central content of vehicle ergonomics,however, it has important significance in the respect. There are many influence factors on thedriver’s comfort, containing an important aspect——the driver’s comfort in the processof getting on and off the car. Due to the low body and the small door, comfort of getting onand off the car must be taked into account when designing related parameters. However,there are rarely few researching to this aspect. So the driver’s comfort in the process of get-ting on and off the car was selected as the research object of this thesis. Then a series of re-search and analysis were done to the object.There are six chapters altogether in the thesis, main content as follow: First, measuringproject and the statistical relationship of human body measurement data in anthropometricswere researched. And six three-dimensional models of the human body such as the50th、75th、95th of male and female were established in the CATIA soft based on anthropometricdata file. Next, influence factors on the driver’s comfort about getting on and out werediscussed. Driver feels comfortable level by their joint angle，so the maximum range of mainhuman joint angle and their comfortable joint angle were researched. All the related humanjoint angles were divided，and the corresponding scores were given. Then, models of thehuman body were taked as tools, three-dimensional models of a car was taked as researchcarrier, comfort simulation analysis for the key movement poses in the process of getting onand off the car was done based on CATIA. There are three key movement pose in the processof getting on the car: opening the front door outside the car, entering the cab, and closing the door after taking the seat. Similarly, there are also three key movement pose in the process ofgetting off the car: opening the front door in the car, taking out of the cab, and closing thedoor outside the car. So objective score reports of every corresponding movement pose weregained. Finally, evaluation system for the process of getting on and off the car was estab-lished using AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and comprehensive evaluation tothe process was done. The results show that so far as the car was concerned, the drive’scomfort of the process of getting on and off the car can meet the requirements basically. Thethesis not only researched he drive’s comfort of the process of getting on and off the car,but also used AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method，it has some guiding significanceto the ergonomical designing and checking.更多还原