【作者】 杨小芝；

【导师】 娄晓民； 李晏；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 儿少卫生与妇幼保健学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 健商即健康商数(Health Quotient, HQ),是国际著名人类健康专家谢华真教授在2000年召开的国际传统医学研讨会上首倡的健康理念。健商是反映健康素质的重要指标,也是一个全新的身心健康概念。目的通过了解某地大学生的健商分布状况并分析其相关影响因素,为该地区大学生的健康教育和健康促进工作提供理论依据,为进一步制定健康教育与健康促进工作提供科学依据,从而促进该地区青少年健康发展。方法以该地区两所学校大学生为研究对象,采取整群分层抽样方法随机抽取1244名学生进行健康商数的问卷调查,描述健康商数状况,并采用t检验、单因素方差分析和多元线性回归分析,分析影响该地专科生健康商数的影响因素。结果该地区大学生健商测试水平分布不均,平均得分为6.498分,理想水平0.5%,比较理想67.4%,值得警惕31.9%,不佳0.2%。各维度健商比较,健康知识匮乏比较突出；生活方式多数处于比较理想水平；自我保健、精神状态、生活技能有相当比例人群处于值得警惕水平。其中健康知识平均得分为5.701分,值得警惕59.8%；生活方式平均得分7.185分,比较理想85.6%；自我保健平均得分6.407分,值得警惕35.7%；精神状态平均得分6.526分,值得警惕36.3%；生活技能平均得分6.703分,值得警惕26.5%。不同家庭来源学生,健商水平不同,城镇高于乡村；专业不同,健商水平不同,护理专业在所调查专业健商水平较低；二年级学生健商高于一年级,说明随着知识的积累,学校教育能够提高学生健商水平。性别之间差异显著,男生健商水平高于女生。结论(1)该地区大学生健商处于比较理想水平；女性健商水平较低；二年级健商水平较高,尤其是医学专业提升较快；健商水平受家庭环境影响较大,尤其受母亲文化程度的影响更为明显。(2)各维度健商比较,自我保健方面“获得身心健康的方法”处于值得警惕水平；健康知识方面“医疗保健系统的知识”、“维护健康的知识”、“危害健康因素和健康检测工具的知识”处于值得警惕水平；精神状态方面“个人信仰”处于值得警惕水平；生活技能“主要生活技能”一年级学生处于值得警惕水平,二年级学生明显提高；更多还原

【Abstract】 Health quotient was a new concept of health. HQ was pointed out by Professor Huazhen Xie who was a famous international human health expert, in the International traditional medicine seminar in2000. This was an important indicators reflects the health, and a new concept of health.ObjectiveThe health quotient situation of college students in certain area and its associated influence factors was investigated to provide theoretical basis for health education and promotion of college students in this area and scientific data for health education and promotion and improve health development of youngsters in the area.MethodsCollege students from2schools were selected as research objective in the area.1244college students were surveyed with Health quotient questionnaire, which were chosen at random with cluster sampling. T-test, one-way ANOVA and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influence factors affecting the health quotient of college students in the area.ResultsIn this area, the results of the health quotient test showed an uneven distribution, the average score was6.498, ideal level0.5%, fairly ideal67.4%, warning31.9%, poor0.2%. In comparison of each dimensions of health quotient, lack of health knowledge was obvious.Lifestyle was at an ideal level; Self-health care, mental condition, life skills was at a warning level in a certain group of students. The results showed that the average score of health knowledge was5.701,59.8%was at a warning level.The average score of lifestyle was7.185,85.6%at a fairly ideal level. The average score of self-health care was6.407,35.7%was at a warning level. The average score of mental condition was6.526,36.3%was at a warning level. The average score of life skills was6.703,26.5%was at a warning level. Students from different families had different health quotient, health quotient of students from cities was higher than that of students form villages. Levels of health quotient differed among majors, nursing students had a lower level of health quotient. The health quotient level of sophomoreer students was better than that of the first year students, this indicated that college education was an important factor to improve students’ health quotient. The difference of health quotient between genders was significantly different, boys performed better than girls.Conclusions1. The health quotient situation of college students in the area was mainly at an ideal level.In the area the level of health quotient differed between genders, the female had a lower level of health quotient.With the accumulation of knowledge, sophomoreer students had a higher level of health quotient, especially in medical students.The level of health quotient was affected obviously by familial environment, especially maternal influence.2. In comparison among each dimensions of health quotient, acquiring methods to maintain physical and mental health was at a warning level in the aspect of self-health care.systemic medical knowledge, health maintaining knowledge, knowledge on health risk factors and health detection tools were at a warning level in the aspect of health knowledge. Personal beliefs were at a warning level in the aspect of mental condition.In the aspect of life skills, the freshman students was at a warning level, the second year students performed better.更多还原