亦儒亦仙—胡峄阳与青岛民间社会

【作者】 王亚男；

【导师】 马斗成；

【作者基本信息】 青岛大学 ， 专门史， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 胡峄阳是一位在青岛民间亦儒亦仙的历史人物。《竹庐家聒》及《女闲》是儒者胡峄阳家训思想的体现,深受中国传统文化和清初青岛社会发展的影响。它们顺应了清初家训发展的繁盛之势,同时也融入了胡峄阳的人生感悟。胡峄阳家训阐述了“谨防欲事”、“戒赌远赌”、“读书为乐”、“苦甜相伴”的修身之法,“择善相处”、“戒斗守法”、“趋吉避凶”、“恭谨谦厚”的处世之道,“饮食有度、宁神静心”的养生之方和“谨言慎行,避嫌守礼”、“勤俭持家,和睦内外”、“持贞守节,从一而终”的女教思想。胡峄阳家训也体现了中国布衣知识分子在明清之际“安贫守道”的时代品格,反映了清初青岛百姓求安全的社会心理、好赌的社会风气及受礼教束缚的女子教育状况,突出了胡峄阳“先防后教”的教育理念和通俗、富有意趣的语言风格。他的家训促进了胡氏家族的发展,对地域社会产生了一定的教化作用,也为今天的家庭及乡村教育提供了有益借鉴。“胡三老爷”是青岛百姓崇拜的民间神灵,他的原型即历史上真实的胡峄阳。儒者变仙人,既是青岛民众根据“民间造神”的传统和清初青岛社会的境况进行选择创造的结果,也有胡峄阳精研《周易》,利用自身知识造福百姓这一原因。在没有封建势力介入的情况下,自康熙至今三百年来,胡峄阳在民众口耳相传的故事中“由人成仙”,成为百姓心目中“社会公正的维护者”、“民众安全的保护者”和“百姓生活的造福者”,对今天青岛百姓心理及生活习俗仍有一定影响。除此之外,今天的“胡三老爷”信仰出现了与狐仙信仰合流的趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hu Yiyang is a historical figure in Qingdao folk also as a Confucian and immortal character."Bamboo Hut Noisy" and "Female Instruction" are the manifestation of Confucian scholar Hu Yiyang’parental instruction thought. The two books are deeply influenced by Chinese traditional culture and the beginning of Qingdao social development in the Qing Dynasty. Also they comply with prosperous parental instruction development and life feeling. Its parental instruction elaborates the following ways of cultivating morality,"to be guarded against wants","to give up and dodge gambling","to study happily","to tolerate bitter and sweet"; the following ways of conducting in the society,"to select goodness for intercourse","to absent fights and obey the laws","hasten luckiness and avoid disaster""respectful and prudent and modest"; the following ways of health keeping,"the diet has constraints and keep mind in peace"; and the following ways of female morals,"to be cautious in word and deed, avoid suspicion defends","to manage a household with diligence and thrift, be harmonious inside and outside","hold maintains in moral integrity and be faithful until death". His parental instruction manifests China’s common intellectuals’"be content in poor and keep integrity" thought in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. His books reflect that at the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the common people ask for safety, are interested in gambling and the female’s education condition constrained by Confucianism. Also, the books have highlighted Hu Yiyang’s idea of "prepares first and teach, the second" and his rich language styles; His parental instructions promote the Hu family’s development, also have enlightened functions to the regional society, and have provided beneficial models for today’s family and village education,"the Hu third master" is a folk God which the Qingdao common people worship, his prototype is Hu Yiyang. The phenomenon that Confucian scholar changes into an immortal, has many reasons:the tradition of "the folk makes the god", the social condition selection and Hu Yiyang researches in the Book of Change, and uses his own knowledge to benefit common people. Without the feudal influence’s involvement, from Kangxi until now, for300years, Hu Yiyang becomes an immortal in the populace oral story, becomes the social order vindicator and the protector for the safety of common people and the creator for happiness of common people. He still has influence to today’s Qingdao common people in psychology and customs. Besides that, now,"the Hu third master" belief has been appearing the tendency of integrating with the fox spirit.更多还原