【作者】 张杰；

【导师】 袁桂秋；

【作者基本信息】 浙江工商大学 ， 数量经济学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,世界医药制造业得到了长足的发展,为誉为朝阳产业。我国医药制造业也发展迅猛,自加入WTO以来,医药业成为发展最快的产业之一,取得了举世瞩目的成绩。除我国外,拉美和其他亚洲国家以及非洲国家等医药市场的发展速度也非常快,成为我国医药产业的有力竞争对手。医药业属于技术密集型行业,要想保持持续竞争优势,需要持续进行技术创新。技术创新分为自主创新和模仿创新。近些年来,国家一直强调自主创新,建设创新型国家,不断出台文件将自主创新上升到国家战略高度。然而从世界范围看,目前医药制造业根据创新能力的差异分为四个层次,我国大致位于第二个层次的前沿,即具有很强仿制能力的国家。尽管自20世纪80年代以来,我国医药制造业获得了长足的发展,在产能和规模上确实有了明显的提升,但产业创新却并未随规模和产能的迅速扩大而有显著的改善。技术差距和国外先进水平相比还是比较大的。本文就研究内容即为：我国医药业究竟应选择何种技术创新模式,是响应政府号召,选择自主创新模式,还是认清现实,暂时选择模仿创新,像日本那样,等技术积累到一定程度,具备自主创新能力时再逐步过渡到自主创新。本文首先介绍技术创新理论和后发优势理论以及自主创新和模仿创新,他们各自的优缺点及相互关系。然后介绍我国医药制造业的概况及技术创新现状。其次将自主创新和模仿创新纳入同一模型,并结合医药业技术与知识产权紧密联系的特点,将知识产权纳入分析框架,得到数理模型,分析技术差距和知识产权对技术创新模式选择的影响。在理论模型基础上,用计量经济学方法构造省际面板数据,按照医药业总产值占GDP的比重大小,将全国27省市分为两个区域,区域(一)为北京、天津、河北、吉林、黑龙江、上海、江苏、浙江、江西、山东、湖北、广东、海南、重庆、四川、陕西16个省市自治区直辖市；区域(二)为山西、内蒙、辽宁、安徽、福建、河南、湖南、贵州、广西、云南、甘肃11省市。分别研究两区域根据自身环境,应选择的技术创新模式。得到如下结果：区域(一)各省市的医药业占比较大,技术水平相对较高,技术差距相对较小,已经走过单纯依靠技术购买、引进及消化吸收的模仿的初级阶段,适宜较高水平的模仿创新,即通过FDI进行的模仿创新。而且其技术水平已经达到了自主创新的基本要求,可以进行自主创新。而区域(二)各省市大部分地处中西部地区,技术差距相对较大,其技术水平没有达到自主创新和通过FDI进行模仿创新的要求,目前应采用直接技术引进的模仿创新模式进行创新,增加技术积累,提升技术水平。最后,针对地区差异性,区域(一)和区域(二)各省市要采取不同的技术创新模式。区域(一)各省市要加强自主创新,创建有利于自主创新的环境。对于区域(二)各省市,则要继续加强模仿创新能力,缩小技术差距。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, pharmaceutical manufacturing has been considerable development. It is hailed as a sunrise industry.Our Pharmaceutical Industry developed with great speed too. Since China entries into WTO, our Pharmaceutical Industry has become one of the fastest growing industries and has remarkable achievements. To maintain a sustainable competitive advantage, it needs continual technical innovation. Technical innovation contains self-reliant innovation and simulating innovation.In recent years, our country has been emphasizing innovation and building innovation-oriented country. It has issued documents constantly to make self-reliant innovation to the national innovation strategic level. However, from a global perspective, according to the current differences in innovative capacity, the world pharmaceutical industry is divided into four levels. Chinese pharmaceutical industry roughly is in the forefront of the second level, which has strong generic capable. Although since the1980s, Chinese pharmaceutical industry has been considerable development. It really has improved significantly in the production capacity and scale. But the Industrial innovation was not has a significant improvement with the rapid expansion of production capacity and scale. Chinese pharmaceutical industry’s technology gap between advanced countries level is quite large.This paper is to study the contents:Chinese pharmaceutical industry should choose which technological innovation model, select the model of independent innovation, or recognize the reality, being selected to imitate innovation, as in Japan, when Technology accumulated to a certain extent and have independent innovation capacity,then gradually transition to independent innovation.This paper introduces the theory of technological innovation and the advantage of later theory, self-reliant innovation and Simulating Innovation, and their respective advantages and disadvantages and mutual relations firstly.Second, put the self-reliant innovation and Simulating Innovation into a same model, considering the character that pharmaceutical industry is close contact with the intellectual property rights, I put the Intellectual property in the analysis framework and get mathematical model. I analyze technology gap and intellectual property on the impact of technological innovation mode selection. Based on the theoretical model, I use econometric methods to constructed inter-provincial panel data model.According to the proportion of output value of pharmaceutical industry on the GDP,27provinces and cities in our country except Xizang,Xinjiang,Nixia,Qinghai are divided into two regions. Region one includesBeijing,Tianjin,Hebei,Jilin,Heilongjiang,Shanghai,Jiangsu,Zhejia ng,Jiangxi,Shandong,Hubei,Guangdong,Hainan,Chongqing,Sichuan,and Shanxi16provinces and autonomous regions and municipalities.The other region includes Shanxi Neimenggu, Liaoning, Anhui, Fujian, Henan,Hunan,Guizhou,Guangxi,Yunnan,Gansu11provinces. I study the two regions choose which technological innovation model respectively according to their own environment. I obtain the following results:The provinces in region one have a bigger proportion of output value of pharmaceutical industry on the GDP, the level of technology is relatively high and the technology gap is relatively small, It has passed to the initial stage of imitation which solely rely on technology purchases, introduction and digestion and absorption and should apply higher levels of imitation and self-reliant innovation. However, the provinces in region two are almost in middle and west region in China, technology gap is relatively large, the level of technology can’t meet the requirement of self-reliant innovation and simulating innovation through FDI. They need to prompt their skills and increase the accumulation of technology through imitation. It doesn’t have strength for self-reliant innovation.The last, for regional differences, the two regions should take a different pattern of technological innovation. The provinces in region one should create an environment conducive to self-reliant innovation to strengthen the independent innovation. For the provinces in region two, we should continue to strengthen the simulating innovation capacity to narrow the technology gap.更多还原