行政处罚中的“一事不再罚”原则研究

【作者】 杨艳；

【导师】 刘志刚；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 法律， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 “一事不再罚”原则是一项古老的法律原则,但一直以来却是行政法学界不断探讨的热门话题之一。本文旨在解决目前我国行政处罚中“一事不再罚”适用中出现的重复处罚、多头处罚等问题,维持我国行政机关执法的权威性和严肃性,同时保护行政相对人的合法权益,借鉴国(境)外“一事不再罚”原则的适用情况,结合部分学者的观点,对“一事不再罚”原则进行阐述、解释和分析,提炼出一些建设性的解决办法,推动“一事不再罚”原则的贯彻实施。本文共分为三个部分。第一部分是“一事不再罚”原则的概述,详细阐述了“一事不再罚”原则的内涵、行政处罚法上该原则的由来及其设立的必要性,笔者认为“一事不再罚”原则源于“一事不再理”原则,认为对于指导行政处罚的实践来说,界定好“一事”和“罚”的内涵,明确“一事”和“罚”的判定标准比确定“一事不再罚”原则的定义更重要,笔者认为可以借鉴刑法上的罪数形态理论将行政处罚中复杂的一事分为实质的一事、法定的一事和处断的一事；在行政处罚和刑罚的关系问题上认同“双重适用”说。本文通过描述行政处罚法上“一事不再罚”原则的立法背景和过程了解了“一事不再罚”原则的立法目的,认为目前在中国设立“一事不再罚”原则是非常有必要的,有利于建设高效政府,有利于实现信赖保护原则,有利于实现行政法比例原则,符合行政法法典化趋势。第二部分为我国“一事不再罚”原则的适用及其存在的问题,介绍了我国“一事不再罚”原则的适用情况,重点论述“一事不再罚”原则在适用过程中存在的问题,提出问题存在的主要原因是立法不够完善,执法体制不够健全,运用缺乏有效监督机制。第三部分为“一事不再罚”原则适用问题的对策,笔者认为主要通过整合现有的行政法律规范,遵循“新法优于旧法、特别法优于普通法”原则,适用较轻的处罚形式,禁止一行为适用多法、多种处罚来解决“法规竞合”问题；通过加快行政管理体制改革,建立综合执法机构,在立法上规避多部门授权,在执法上坚持先处罚原则、再处罚原则和联合处罚原则等措施来解决“主体竞合”问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 The principle of "no one should be twice punished for the same cause" is an old law principle. It is an academic focus in the subject of administrative law. This paper aims to solving the problems,such as repeating punishment and twice punishment about the use of the principle of "no one should be twice punished for the same cause" during the administrative punishment in China, keeping administrative authority and seriousness, and also jeopardizing the legitimate interests of the relative executive. By comparing with the use of the principle of "no one should be twice punished for the same cause" in abroad and quoting some relevant academic points of view, this paper interprets and analyses the principle of "no one should be twice punished for the same cause", trying to get some constructive solutions and advancing its implementation.This paper is divided into three parts. The first part is the summary of the principle of "no one should be twice punished for the same cause", it tells the intension of the principle of "no one should be twice punished for the same cause", its origin of administrative punishment Law and its necessity. The author thinks that the origin of the principle of "no one should be twice punished for the same cause" is "one course should not be treated twice", and also think that in practice it is more imporant of making the Judgment standard of "one thing" and "punishment" clear than deciding "no one should be twice punished for the same cause".The auther have an idea that complex "one thing" is classified by using the quantity of crime theory into the essential, statutory and broken "ong thing". The paper agrees with the dual application theory about the relationship of administrative punishment and penalty. We understand the purpose of legislation of "no one should be twice punished for the same cause" by describing the legislative background and process. It is very necessary of establishing the principle of "no one should be twice punished for the same cause" at present in China that have advantages of the construction of efficient government, implementation of the principle of trust protection and realization of proportionality principle in administrative law and also that accords with administrative law codification trend.The second part concentrates on the use of the principle of "no one should be twice punished for the same cause" and the problems during the process of constracting it, pointing out that it is main reason of the imperfect legislation, not a sound law enforcement system and the lack of effective supervision mechanism.The third part tells the methods during the process of constracting the principle of "no one should be twice punished for the same cause". We may resolve the promlems of the concurrence of laws and regulations by Integrating existing administrative legal norm, following the principle that the new law is superior to the old and the special law is superior to the common law, using the lighter punishment form and prohibiting the use of multi laws and a variety of punishment to "one thing". We may also settle the promlems of the concurrence of the subject of law enforcement by accelerating the reform of the administrative system, establishing the comprehensive law enforcement agency, avoiding multiple departments authorized in the legislation and insisting on the principle of the first punishment, and the second punishment and combined punishment.更多还原