【作者】 李辉；

【导师】 袁国敏；

【作者基本信息】 南京财经大学 ， 劳动经济学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 自20世纪80年代以来,国际间的贸易往来迅速发展,各国的劳动力市场也一直处于动态变化的过程中。随着市场经济体制改革的不断深化,我们国家开始重点培育劳动力市场,与此同时国际贸易进程进展也十分迅速,商品或服务的进出口对我国就业产生了很大的影响,特别是工业产品的贸易,本文基于这些背景对工业产品进出口贸易对我国劳动力的就业产生的影响进行经验性分析。本文的研究首先从传统的国际贸易理论的研究角度出发,沿着国际贸易理论的发展对国际贸易与劳动力市场的关系进行理论文献梳理和评述,包括以赫克歇尔-俄林理论(H-O模型)为核心的新古典贸易理论框架和以产业内贸易模型为核心的新贸易理论框架。然后,在综合我国各个产业的角度上就对外开放度对就业的影响进行了分析,并接着在研究借鉴各种文献的基础上,针对工业产品进出口贸易和我国工业行业就业、分技术水平的行业就业分别探讨,采用不同来源的统计数据进行经验型研究。最后再结合自己的研究和中国劳动力市场的培育发展情况进行总结,得出相应的结论和启示。本文的主要结论如下:中长期来看,从我国整体的角度讲,工业产品进出口对外开放度的扩大能够促进就业水平的提高;资本的投资对劳动力的就业有替代作用;国内生产总值的增长能够促进就业。短期且具体到行业层次来看:宏观经济运行状态以及国家的宏观经济调控对我国就业的影响很大;出口或出口导向率以及行业的产出对我国就业有促进的作用;进口的就业效应则是多样的,但多数为抑制性作用,少数行业有促进作用;固定资产投资能够促进就业,但其影响有滞后现象,即具有时滞性;我国的就业层次较低,特别是各行业的进出口贸易方面的就业,进出口贸易的就业效应多体现在较低技术水平的行业中;就业人员作为劳动力的素质水平有待提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since 1980s, together with rapidly development of international trade, labor markets around the world are undergoing a dynamic change. In China, the beginning breeding of the labor market, and the progression of international trade processes as well as im-export of goods or services had an important impact on our employment, particularly in the area of industrial products business. Based on the backgrounds mentioned above, I tried to carry out an empirical analysis and calculate the impact of im- export trade of industrial products on China’s labor force employment.Following the development timeline of the theory in international trade, this paper begins with a traditional international trade theory research and a review study on its relationships with labor market, including the Heckscher - Ohlin theory (H-O model) as the core of the neo-classical trade theory and the intra-industry trade model as the core of the new trade theory. Then, the impact of opening on the employment was analyzed. To deepen the study, my research focused on different industrial level as well as different industrial with different technology with statistical data reported from different institute. Finally comes the conclusions, in conjunction with my own research and development of China’s labor market, some suggestions were brought forward as well.The main conclusions of this paper respectively are: From a comprehensive and a long time perspective, the expanding of opening promoted employment levels; capital investments have a substitute effect on labor employment; the gross domestic product (GDP) growth could promote employment. For short time and based on industrial levels: the macro-economic and health status, as well as national macro-economic adjustment on the employment effects our employment heavily; export or export-oriented rates and industry output are on the role of employment promotion; import effect on employment effect are diverse, but the majority calculated as inhibitory effect, promotes showed only in a few industry; fixed assets investment could promote employment, but its impact is in delay; the level of employment in China is lower, particularly in the areas of import and export, these effects are much more clearly in the industries with low technology; so the quality of employees should be improved.更多还原