【作者】 陈涛；

【导师】 巩亚东；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 传统的产品设计周期长、成本费用高,尤其是大型机械设备。而数字样机技术作为产品设计开发的一项全新技术,它的出现和发展给传统的产品设计方法带来了一次革命。数字化设计是通过计算机对产品进行三维建模,并进行各种仿真分析,根据仿真结果对数字化样机进行修改,可以在产品设计阶段发现其中的潜在问题和不足之处,最终得到一个最优的设计方案。这样就可以避免了传统设计中对物理样机的依赖性,缩短了产品的研发周期,降低了研发成本,使企业更具有市场竞争性。全断面掘进机作为一种结构复杂且高度自动化的机电产品,设计复杂,生产成本高。实际施工证明,在全断面掘进机掘进过程中,更换盘形滚刀的次数是影响施工进度的主要因素。在设计掘进机刀盘时,应使所有盘型滚刀的磨损尽量均匀,减少换刀次数。因此,对掘进机刀盘的优化设计就显得非常有意义。本论文以EPB6.28型土压平衡式掘进机为研究对象,通过对掘进机的刀盘及驱动部分建立三维模型,进行刀具破岩机理的研究和刀盘的优化设计。首先,是用Pro/E软件建立了EPB6.28型掘进机刀盘和驱动的数字化模型,并导入Adams软件中,实现了功能仿真,讨论了转矩对角速度的影响。其次,对全断面掘进机的破岩过程进行了研究,得出了刀具的破岩轨迹,以及破岩轨迹的横截面图,从而得到了掘进机在转动一周时刀具破岩体积的计算公式。再通过查阅国内外文献,给出刀盘布置满足的技术要求,寻找到刀盘布置形式的优化依据：破岩体积差异的最小化。然后,讨论了切入深度和岩石破碎角对刀具布置形式的影响,并通过编程软件对刀盘进行优化设计,得到一个刀盘的新布置形式,建立新的三维模型,计算出每把刀具的破岩体积及破岩体积的方差,与EPB6.28型掘进机进行对比,验证优化后的刀盘布置形式好于原刀盘布置形式。最后,通过目前广泛采用的盘型滚刀的受力模型,计算出两种布置形式中每把刀具的受力。在Adams软件中对两种模型行受力加载,实现加载的仿真分析,得到各个方向的受力和力矩。把两种模型的仿真结果进行比较,分析了优化后的刀盘的受力状况。本文采用数字样机技术有效地实现了掘进机的建模与仿真,这种方法不只是适用于掘进机的设计开发,还可以推广到其它一些复杂机械系统的研究、设计和开发中去,因此本文的研究方法及结论具有重要的实用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The traditional product design and development take a long time and cost highly. But the digitization prototype technology is a kind of completely new one, whose emergence and development bring an innovation to the traditional way of product design. The digital design is the process of three-dimensional modeling by computer and makes a variety of simulation analysis and modifies the digital prototype according to the simulation results. In this way, the engineers can find the potential problems and inadequacies of the product in the product design phase, finally we can obtain an optimal program of the design. So the digital design avoids the dependence on the physical prototype in the traditional design, and shortens the product development cycle, reduces R&D costs and makes the enterprise more competitiveness in the market.The full-face boring machine is a complex and highly automated machinery electronic product with design complexity and high cost of production. According to the actual construction experience, the replacement number of the disk-type hob is the main factor affecting the construction progress in the process of tunneling. When designing the knife set of the full-face boring machine, the engineers should make all the disk-type hobs wear evenly and reduce the number of the replacements of the disk-type hob. Therefore, it is very meaningful to optimize the design of knife set of the full-face boring machine. The paper studied the Earth Pressure Balance 6.28 boring machine, established the three-dimensional model of the knife set and the driving part and made the research of the rock breaking mechanism and optimum design of the cutter. Firstly, the author established the three-dimensional model of the knife set and the driving part and made the model import Adams software to achieve a functional simulation and discussed the effect of torque to the angular velocity of the knife set. Secondly, according to the research about the process of rock breaking, we can find the rock breaking track of the disk-type hob and the cross-section of the rock breaking track. And we can get the formula for calculating the volume of broken rock of each disk-type hob, when the boring machine has been rotated a ring. Through domestic and foreign literature, the technical documents which are needed to meet cutter arrange and the foundation of the optimal layout (the smallest difference of the volume of broken rock) are found. Then, the author discussed the effects of the cut depth and broken rock angle to the layout of the knife set. Through the programming software to optimize the design of a knife set, we can get a new arrangement and establish the three-dimensional model of the new knife set. Then calculate the volume of broken rock and variance, and then compare with the Earth Pressure Balance 6.28 boring machine, which can verify the optimized layout of the knife set better than the original layout. Finally, we can calculate forces of the two layouts with the formula which is widely used. Loading the forces of the two models in the Adams software, we can get the forces and the torques in the different direction. Through the comparison of simulation results of the two models, we analyze the forces of the two knife sets.By applying digitization prototyping technology, this paper realized the modeling and simulation of the shield machine. This method is not only suitable for the design and development of shield machine, but it can also be extended to research, design and development of other complicated mechanical system. So the research method and the consequence in this paper have significant practical value.更多还原