【作者】 晏筠；

【导师】 李坤刚；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 法律， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 劳动监察制度和劳动争议处理制度,是劳动者和用人单位维护自身合法权益的主要法律救济手段,在促进和谐的劳动关系、维护社会稳定方面发挥了重要作用。然而这两种制度是不同的：劳动监察是采取公权力救济的方式,通过对违法的用人单位进行查处,对违法行为进行纠正,从而达到救济劳动者的目的。劳动争议处理是权益受到侵犯的劳动者对违法的用人单位提出仲裁申请,通过调解协商、劳动仲裁的审理和执行,以救济其权益的一种方式,从性质上这应该属于公私力相结合的救济方式。因此,在劳动者的权益受到侵害时,既可以选择公力救济方式——向劳动监察举报投诉,要求查处用人单位的违法行为,又可以采取半私力救济的方式——通过协商调解来解决争议,或者通过劳动仲裁来达到保护自己合法权益的目的。本文经过研究认为,由于立法上的不完善和法律实施过程中的偏差,导致了劳动监察和劳动仲裁之间的受案范围不甚明确,一是我们重视了私力救济,而忽略了公力救济的作用。实践中,劳动监察的作用被大大地忽视,尽管我国的劳动争议多,劳动违法现象严重,但劳动监察人员按职工比例,严重低于发达国家；二是依赖于私力救济往往会导致社会矛盾突出,甚至会造成严重的集体事件的发生；三是依赖个人的私力救济,只能救济提出劳动仲裁的个人,对于用人单位的违法行为的纠正往往是很少的,不能对违法行为起到惩戒震慑作用。经过对我国劳动执法现状及其他发达国家情况的研究,本文以劳动者权利双重救济中的劳动监察与劳动仲裁受案范围为视角,提出如下观点：第一,科学界定两者范围,强化劳动监察队伍,建立以公力救济为主,私力救济为辅的劳动侵权救济模式；第二,完善劳动监察和劳动仲裁的程序衔接机制,使两者在实践操作中形成互补；第三,建立劳动争议公益诉讼制度,使劳动者的合法权益得到更完善的救济。更多还原

【Abstract】 Labor supervision system and labor dispute settlement system, the major legal relief methods for laborers and employing units to protect their legal rights and interests, play a significant role in establishing a steady and harmonious labor relationship and maintaining the stability of the society.The two systems, however, are different. Labor supervision, a relief method executed by public power, stops acts of tort by investigating and prosecuting the illegal employing units and correcting their illegal acts.While labor dispute settlement, a private relief method, is applied by laborers, whose rights and interests are infringed, for arbitration. With the judgment and execution of the labor dispute arbitration, laborers’rights and interests are protected.As a result, laborers stand a chance to choose either the relief method of public power, claiming to labor supervision the illegal acts of employing units and demanding investigation and prosecution, or the relief method of private power, applying for labor dispute arbitration to protect their legal rights and interests.The paper holds the view that the scope of accepting cases of labor supervision and labor arbitration is not clearly identified because of the imperfection of legislation and the deviation in the implementation of law.First of all, the relief method of public power is ignored with too much importance attached to the relief method of private power. In practice, the role of labor supervision is overlooked. The rate of the staff of labor supervision to laborers is far below the rate in developed countries, though there is a large number of labor disputes and serous illegal labor misuses.Moreover, relying on the relief of private power usually results in social contradictions, including severe collective events.Last but not least, with the relief method of private power, only the laborer himself who apples for labor arbitration is helped. There is little influence on the illegal acts of employing units, which is detrimental to correct the illegal acts. With the research of our country and other developed countries, the paper puts forward the following points of view from the perspective of the scope of accepting cases of labor supervision and labor arbitration.Firstly, enhance labor supervision by establishing the relief model with relying on public power mainly and making private power subsidiary. What’s more, perfect the cohesive mechanism of labor supervision and labor arbitration to establish the complementary relation between them. Finally, establish public interest litigation system to strengthen the relief to legal rights and interests of laborers.更多还原