现代社会中宗教的存在方式及功能

【作者】 张丽丹；

【导师】 陈树林；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江大学 ， 宗教学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 托马斯·卢克曼意识到现代社会宗教深受世俗化的影响,“官方”宗教模式在弱化,个人虔信成为人们信仰宗教的主要方式。因此,卢克曼将“无形的宗教”作为其宗教社会学理论基石来阐述现代社会中宗教的存在方式。在他看来,以教会为取向的宗教正处在现代社会的边缘,使得“官方”宗教的社会地位受到了威胁。基督教从有形的“教会”宗教正走向以个人精神信仰为存在形式的“无形的”宗教。宗教在现代社会中从“有形”到“无形”,它抛弃了“官方”模型,转向了个人虔信。当然,在这一过程中人们并没有抛弃作为世界观的宗教,人们依然追求着个人的“终极意义”。宗教在现代社会中并没有消亡,只是转换成为以个人虔信为存在依托的宗教。因此,卢克曼提出了宗教功能性的意义以及社会系统中宗教所处的位置,他看到了宗教的功能性意义是社会和个人层面上的宗教体系,在现代社会中宗教是以个人精神信仰为存在方式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Thomas Luckmann realized the religion of modern society had been influenced by the secularity, and the impact of“Official Religion”model was weakening. Personal piety became the primary way that people believe in religion. Luckmann considered“Invisible Religion”as the cornerstone of his religion sociological theory to expatiate on the existing form of religion in modern society. In his view, the church-oriented religion is on the brink of modern society, which makes the social status of the“Official Religion”threatened. Christianity is evolving from the tangible“Official Religion”into the“Invisible Religion”formed of personal spiritual belief. In modern society, religion changes from“tangible”to“invisible”, meanwhile, it abandons the“official”model and turns to personal piety. Of course, in this process, people did not abandon the religion as the world view, and they were still pursuing personal“ultimate meaning”. Religion in modern society will not die out, but exists based on the personal piety. Luckmann revealed the process of religious society, and proposed the functional significance and the status of religion in social system. He pointed out that the functional significance of the religion was the religious system on social and personal level. Luckmann believed that the religion existed in the form of personal spiritual belief in our modern society.更多还原