从接受美学看《五号屠场》中的黑色幽默

【作者】 杨巍；

【导师】 徐文培；

【作者基本信息】 黑龙江大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 库尔特·冯内古特(Kurt Vonnegut,1922-2007)是美国当代文坛上颇具影响的作家,著名的黑色幽默派小说家之一。《五号屠场》是他享誉文坛的翘楚之作。接受美学的研究起点是文本中的意义空白和阐释的历史性,并以此肯定读者的阅读活动对于实现文本意义的重要性。冯内古特巧妙地运用黑色幽默这一小说创作技巧,连接接受美学中“作者创造的文本”和“读者的审美经验”这两极,引领读者从荒诞的“时间旅行法”、温和中透着反讽的语调、病态的“反英雄”人物形象和战争场景的缺失这四方面来填补文本中的意义空白。《五号屠场》中文本的历史性体现了黑色幽默对深沉严肃的主题意义的表达,意在向读者阐释历史的真实性。冯内古特更是通过塑造毕利这一病态的“反英雄”人物形象,使读者能够跟随毕利的“时间旅行”,站在亲历战争的人们的角度,更深刻地认知战争创伤的心理真实性。论文以冯内古特的小说《五号屠场》为研究对象,结合黑色幽默和接受美学理论等相关知识,具体论证了冯内古特在作品中采用黑色幽默这一创作技巧的审美心理及对读者产生的相应美学效果,从而更加深入地从读者与作品、作家、世界三者相结合的角度全面挖掘《五号屠场》的深刻主题思想与艺术价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Kurt Vonnegut(1922-2007) is an influential black humor writer in modern literary world of America. His novel Slaughterhouse-Five achieves widely critical acclaim. Aesthetics of reception researches the meaning blanks and the historicity of interpretation, which demonstrates the value of the readers’activities in achieving the meaning of the text. Black humor bridges the author’s creation and the readers’aesthetic experience. It guides the readers to fill the meaning blanks via the absurd“time travel”, seemingly mild irony, the characterization of the silly anti-heroes and the intentional omission of the atrocious war scenes. The historicity of the text contributes to the exploration of serious themes, helping the readers get close to the historical authenticity. Furthermore, the readers follow the time travel of Billy to perceive the psychological authenticity of the war traumas.This thesis combines such relevant theories as black humor and aesthetics of reception, and analyzes Vonnegut’s aesthetic psychology in using black humor as his technique and its aesthetic effect upon readers. The author aims to provide a new perspective and make a further exploration into the rich connotation and artistic value of Kurt Vonnegut’s Slaughterhouse-Five on the basis of the achievements of the predecessors.更多还原