【作者】 周晶；

【导师】 胡秋辉；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 农业推广， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 菊花是我国传统名花,除被广泛应用于切花、盆栽以及园林绿化观赏外,因其风味独特,营养价值高,亦可作食用和饮用。本论文以富硒菊花为研究对象,以普通菊花为对照,根据菊花体内含硒量的多少,分高硒菊花、中硒菊花、低硒菊花三类。评价了富硒菊花生产安全性,测定了菊花提取物的抗氧化性能。采用叶面喷施亚硒酸钠或硒酸钠的方法,根据其中花蕾中硒含量不同分类,得到低硒菊花(0.24 mg/kg)、中硒菊花(0.74 mg/kg)、高硒菊花(1.02 mg/kg)三种富硒产品。在0-60g ha-1Se有效硒肥浓度范围内,菊花中硒含量随着硒肥施用量的增加而增加,并呈线性关系。硒对菊花对重金属的富集作用有抑制作用,随着喷施硒肥浓度的增加,检测出Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn四种重金属含量大幅度下降,再次验证了硒高效的保健作用。对可能威胁富硒菊花质量安全的17项因素进行分析,有15项指标在最低限以下,并且多菌灵、甲拌磷、氧化乐果、甲基硫菌灵、辛硫磷、滴滴涕、溴氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯8项指标均为未检出,仅有铅和铬含量偏高,这可能与产地菊花的生长环境有关。Se与菊花的结合与喷施量有关,当喷施量达到1 ppm时,GC-MS可以检测出Se与菊花中甲硫氨酸有机高效的结合,Se在体内转化效率较高。通过DPPH法、亚油酸体系法及还原力的测定研究了富硒菊花与普通菊花的抗氧化活性,结果表明普通菊花的抗氧化活性高于富硒菊花组,各样品醇提物的抗氧化活性均高于相应的水提物的活性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chrysanthemum is a traditional flower, wildly used for cut, potted and ornamental landscaped, besides its unique smell, high nutrition, it can also make food and drink. In this paper, selenium-enriched chrysanthemum was studied on, with common chrysanthemum as control. According to the quantify of selenium content in them, high selenium-enriched, average selenium-enriched and low selenium-enriched chrysanthemum were sorted. The safity of Se-enrich was evalued and anti-oxidation of extraction was determined.Used foliar application of sodium selenite method, low se-enriched chrysanthemum(0.24 mg/kg), average se-enriched chrysanthemum (0.74 mg/kg), and high se-enriched chrysanthemum (1.02 mg/kg)were producted. In the range of 0-60 ha-1 selenium, the content in se-enriched chrysanthemum enhance by foliar application increased, and linear.Selenium can inhibit chrysanthemum from enriching heavy metals. With the increasing concentration of selenium spraying, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn were deeply declined, what proved selenium benefit for health.Seventeen factors which could threaten the quality and safety of se-enriched chrysanthemum were analysised, and fifteen factors below the limilment, eight factors were not be analysised. Carbendazim, phorate, omethoate, methyl-thiophanate, phoxim, DDT, bromine cyanide permethrin, cypermethrin were detected, which may be related to the environment of chrysanthemum growth.The content of Se in chrysanthemum related to spraying in leaives, until it reached 1 ppm, GC-MS can detect se-Met, that is proved se could transformed se-protein efficient.Anti-oxidant activity were analysised in DPPH, linoleic acid system and reducing power with se-enriched chrysanthemum and common chrysanthemum. Anti-oxidant activity of common chrysanthemum was higher than that of se-enriched chrysanthemum, Anti-oxidant activity of alcohol extraction was higher than that of water extraction were showed.更多还原