【作者】 张建；

【导师】 于水；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 公共管理， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 党的十六大、特别是党的十六届四中全会,把构建社会主义和谐社会作为一项重大的战略任务,提上我们党的议事日程。在我国城市的微观层面,是由一个个社区组成的,它们是我们建设社会主义和谐社会的重要的落脚点。改革开放以后,随着我国经济结构、社会结构发生深刻变化,和谐社区建设的重要性越发凸显,虽然近年来,我国城市社区建设有了很大的发展,但存在社区服务范围比较狭小、社区居民参与社区建设管理的深度和广度、远远不足、大多数居民缺乏社区认同感和归属感等问题,和谐社区建设的任务相当艰巨和紧迫。本文首先对社区、和谐、和谐社区的概念进行了阐述,在此基础上提出了自己对和谐社区的内涵的认识：和谐社区是社区居民与社区内部和社区外部各种相关联的主体之间相互关系的和睦和一致。并介绍了社区建设和管理的一些重要理论,以及我国和谐社区建设的重要理论基础。本文选择了近年来和谐社区建设始终走在南京市的前列的南京市玄武区作为研究对象,全面介绍了玄武区社区组织情况、服务情况和和谐社区建设情况。然后通过对美国、新加坡模式以及国内三种典型社区管理模式的介绍,并对国外模式和国内模式进行分析,在此基础上指出了玄武区和谐社区建设存在的问题：属于政府强力主导型的社区管理模式,政府以创建为目的的社区管理方式,导致居委会自治职能弱,大量人力物力忙于应付各类创建、评比和检查；居民参与度低,满意度和幸福感不足等一系列问题。针对玄武区和谐社区建设存在的问题,本文提出和谐社区建设的关键在于以社区居民为核心,正确处理好社区居民与社区内部和社区外部各种相关联的主体之间的相互关系,使各类主体之间和睦和一致。并进一步提出：按照居民对与自身密切相关的各类主体的需求,来界定各类主体的职能,构建以社区公共需求为导向的和谐社区建设模式。按照这样思路,提出了玄武区和谐社区建设的三条对策：让居民回归社区；规范政府、居委会的职能,并充分发挥业主委员会的作用；强化资金和人力保障。最后,本文提出和谐社区的评价指标,应以居民与各种关系的和谐度为标准,在此基础上,本文探索提出了新的和谐社区评价指标。更多还原

【Abstract】 The construction of a Harmonious Society of socialism, which is considered as an important strategic mission, was brought up on the agenda during the 16th National People’s Congress of the Communist Party of China, especially during the Fourth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Party.The community, which is the microcosmic part of city in our country, is an important foothold in the construction of a Harmonious Society of socialism.With the policy of reform and opening to the world being carried out and the profound changes in economic and social structure, the harmonious community construction becomes more and more important. Although the city community construction had very great progress in recent years, there are some problems. For example, the small scope of community services, the depth and width of the resident participates in community’s construction and management is not enough, most of residents lack sense of ownership to the community and so on. Now, the Construction of a Harmonious Community is an arduous and urgent task.In the article I first expound the conceptions of community and harmony, then I put forward my own comprehension on the meaning of a Harmonious community, that is, a Harmonious community is that the mutual relation between community residents and the main parts that corresponds inside and outside the community is in harmony and agreed, and a Harmonious community is finally shown in that the community residents have gratification and good feeling at heart. I also present some important theories involved and the important theoretical basis for building a harmonious community of our country.The research object of the article is Xuanwu District, who is in the front ranks of the Nanjing City in the construction of a Harmonious community these years. I make a comprehensive introduction of the current situation about the organization, the service and the construction of a Harmonious community in Xuanwu District in the article. Then I introduce the pattern in American, the pattern in Singapore and three representative community management patterns in our country, and analyze the pattern both in domestic and foreign. On this basis, I point out there are some questions existed in our construction of a Harmonious community, that is, the management of community is under strong domination of government, the pattern of community management of the government is to establish, which lead to the weak autonomous ability of neighborhood community, A great number of labour power were busy dealing with the creation, inspection, appraisal; the residents’participation passion is not high, satisfaction is not high, happiness is not enough and a series of problems.In the light of the advantages and disadvantages of the different patterns and the questions existed in the construction of a Harmonious community in Xuanwu District, I propose the key to the Construction of a Harmonious Community is putting the emphasis on the community residents, How to deal with the mutual relation between community residents and the main parts that corresponds inside and outside the community, and make all the main parts live in harmony. And defining the functions of all the main parts according to residents’ needs for the main parts closely related to themselves, and I propose building a harmonious community construction pattern, and the pattern should take the community public need as the guidance. According to the thought, I put forward three strategies concerning the construction of a Harmonious community in Xuanwu District. First, the return of the resident to community; Second, standardizing the function of government and neighborhood committees, And give full play to the role of the Owners Management Committee; Third, intensify management of capital and human resources. In the end, the article put forward the harmonious degree between the resident and other parts is proposed as the index to estimate the harmonious community. And it tries to put forward some new criteria on confirming if the community is harmonious.更多还原