【作者】 陈燕；

【导师】 李宁宁；

【作者基本信息】 南京农业大学 ， 社会学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着农村工业污染日益严重,农民与污染企业的矛盾不断升级,引起当地农民的反抗,甚至出现大规模群体性事件。本文选取了有“工业重镇”美誉的X镇作为研究地点,采用质性研究的方法,对X镇周边居民进行个案访谈,通过对当地农民与污染企业的抗争过程及特征分析,得出农民的环境抗争是有限的抗争,并进一步分析影响环境抗争结果的内部因素和制约环境抗争的外部因素,以弥补社会学在环境抗争研究方面的不足,不断丰富和发展环境社会学的研究领域。在当地农民与污染企业的抗争过程中,农民经常采用的抗争手段是上访、利用媒体和“闹事”三种方式,并具体表现出以经济补偿型的环境抗争为主,缺乏一定的组织性和连贯性,在手段的运用上也保持着理性的克制等特点。可以说,农民的环境抗争在某种程度上利用“借势”和“造势”的抗争策略,在“公开文本”与“隐藏文本”之间寻求抗争的生存空间。不过,从抗争目标的设定、抗争手段的运用及抗争的结果和影响上来看,农民的环境抗争是有限的,只能获得局部的经济补偿,并不能从根本上改善农村环境。农民自身的局限性以及外部缺乏建构环境问题的土壤造成了农民有限环境抗争的结果。农民抗争主体的局限性、受益人与受苦人的双重身份、众多选择沉默的农民是制约农民环境抗争的内部因素；技术专家独立性的缺乏、媒体监督功能的失调、污染企业与地方政府的“共谋”、缺乏农村环境知识的普及者、没有形象的词汇关注和形容农村环境问题、缺乏制度化的赞助者这一系列的因素使得农村环境问题没有被成功建构出来,从根本上导致了农民环境抗争结果的有限。所以,自身水平有限的农民在有限的场域内发挥的作用和所造成的影响也是极其有限的。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasing industrial pollution in rural areas, the conflict between peasants and polluting enterprises is escalating, which causes resistance by local peasants and leads to large-scale mass incidents. This research selects X Town called "industrial town" as a research site, takes qualitative research methods, interviews case of local peasants at X Town, points out peasant resistance is limited by analyzing the process of protest between peasants and polluting enterprises, and further discusses internal factors and external factors that influence peasants’ limited resistance. Try to make up the shortage of research of environmental conflicts in sociology, and constantly enrich the theory of environmental sociology.This research finds out that peasants often take means of protest petition, using the mass media, and "trouble-making" during the environmental conflicts. The features include compensation for damages based on economic, lacking organization and coherence, and keeping rational restraint of the devices used in the environmental conflicts. Anyway, peasants take resistance strategies of "using force" and "making force", which fight for the living space of resistance between "hidden transcript" and "public transcript". In short, environmental resistance by peasants is limited from goal setting、means of resistance and the results of resistance, which can only get partial financial compensation,but can’t fundamentally improve the quality of environment.The author thinks that both the low ability of peasants and the lack of construction of the environment issues lead to the limited environment resistance result. The internal factors of restricting peasant resistance is the limitation of peasants’ ability, beneficiary with suffering hardships person’s dual statuses and numerous choice of silence; technical expert’s independent lacking, the function of media supervision being out of balance, the "conspire" of pollution enterprise and the Local authority, lacking popularization of the rural environment knowledge, not having the image glossary to pay attention to and to describe the rural environment question and lacking of institutional sponsors are external factors, which fundamentally lead to the limitation of results of peasant resistance. So the role and impact of the limited ability of peasants within the limited field is extremely limited.更多还原