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儿童期心理创伤与大学生人格特征、心理健康的关系研究
Study on the Relationship between Childhood Trauma and University Students’ Personality Characteristics and Mental Health
【作者】 王小玲;
【导师】 李林;
【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 , 发展与教育心理学, 2011, 硕士
【副题名】以福建师范大学大学生为例
【摘要】 本研究采用儿童期心理创伤问卷、艾森克人格问卷和症状自评量表对福建师范大学本科生进行随机整群抽样调查,用SPSS18.0统计软件包对调查数据进行差异显著性、相关和回归分析。结果表明:儿童期心理创伤各量表的平均得分从低到高依次是性虐待、躯体虐待、情感虐待、躯体忽视和情感忽视;男大学生比女大学生遭受了更多的儿童期心理创伤;理工科比文科的大学生在儿童期遭受了更多的情感忽视;来自农村比来自城镇的大学生在儿童期遭受了更多的躯体忽视。儿童期心理创伤经历与大学生人格特征和心理健康的关系十分密切,高分组和低分组不同的心理创伤经历差异显著,其中与大学生人格特征的精神质和神经质相关显著,对它们具有较强的预测作用;除了儿童期心理创伤躯体虐待、情感忽视和躯体忽视因子与SCL-90的强迫症状因子相关不显著外,其余各因子及总分两两间的相关显著,情感虐待、性虐待、躯体忽视因子对其心理健康具有显著的预测作用。不良的儿童期心理创伤经历有可能导致病理人格和不健康甚至是异常心理,因此:①教养者对孩子要讲究教育教养方法,②对大学生进行心理健康辅导的时候,要关注其成长过程中所积累和遗留的问题,恰当地给予疏导与调适,以提高大学生群体的心理健康水平。
【Abstract】 This study adopts Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and the Symptom Checklist to survey undergraduate students in Fujian Normal University at random. The survey data is analysed by means of significant difference, correlation and regression analysis via SPSS18.0 package. The results show that:the average scores of the childhood trauma scales from low to high are sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect and emotional neglect; male students suffered more childhood trauma than female students; science and engineering students suffered more emotional neglect than liberal arts students in childhood; students from rural areas suffered more physical neglect than students from the urban areas in childhood. Childhood traumatic experiences and college students’personality characteristics and mental health are closely related, and different traumatic experiences are significantly different, which are closely related to and strongly predict mental quality and neuroticism of students’personality characteristics. Except that the factors of childhood trauma like physical abuse, emotional neglect and physical neglect are not significantly related to SCL-90 obsessive-compulsive factor, other factors and the total score are significantly related to one another. Such factors as emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and physical neglect can strongly predict the state of mental health. Adverse experiences of childhood trauma may lead to pathological personality and unhealthy or even abnormal psychology. Therefore, the paper concludes that①nurturers should pay attention to methods of education during rearing children;②when offering mental health counseling for college students, counselors should pay attention to the accumulated and remained problems during the process of their growth, and give them guidance and adjustment appropriately to improve their mental health.
【Key words】 university students; childhood trauma; personality; mental health;