【作者】 王丽丽；

【导师】 徐晓风；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨师范大学 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 马克思主义理论博大精深,自然观是其中极为重要的思想,马克思自然观的科学基础是将自然界看作历史发展的过程,它是在人类社会的生产过程中,特别是在科学技术发展过程中产生和发展起来的。自然观作为世界观不可分割的组成部分,是人们认识和改造自然的方法论。马克思自然观的哲学追求的是实现人与自然的价值统一。本文通过对马克思自然概念的历史考察,从逻辑与历史相结合的思维原则出发,对人类历史上几种主要自然观的特征进行了深入的剖析。本文梳理了马克思自然观形成与发展的历史,分为孕育萌生期、建构形成期和完善批判期,诠释了对这种自然观的理解。在实践层面上,人是价值主体,人以实践为中介,根据自身的需要认识并改造自然。马克思在批判黑格尔脱离物质生产实践和费尔巴哈脱离社会历史实践时,也继承了黑格尔自然观中否定的辩证法和费尔巴哈自然观中对唯物主义的坚持,并提出了人与自然和社会环境在实践中是历史的、辩证统一的。实践的观点是马克思主义哲学首要的和基本的观点,实践的原则是马克思主义哲学的建构原则。根据马克思主义的观点,现存世界的人与自然的关系、人与社会的关系在人类实践中是融为一体的。马克思的自然观所探讨的人与自然关系贯穿着实践这个逻辑中心,实践是马克思自然观的本质特征。马克思自然观的实践特征有助于我们正确认识生态问题的实质,也有助于我们寻找解决生态问题的途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Marxist theory of the profound view of nature is one extremely important thoughts,Marxist view of nature science foundation is take the nature as historical process of development, it is in the production process of human society, especially in scientific and technical development process from and developed。Natural view as an integral part of world outlook, it is people recognize and to transform nature methodology. Marxist philosophy seeks the view of nature is to realize the value of human and nature is unified。Based on the investigation to the history of marxist concept nature, from the logic and history of combining the thinking principle, of human history several main natural view on the characteristics of the in-depth analysis。This paper analyzes the formation and development of marxist view history, divided into inoculation initiation period, construct and perfect the critical period, formation of this nature interpretation of understanding。In the practical level, the person’s value subject, a person with practice as the medium, the need according to oneself know and transform nature. Marx in criticizing Hegel from the practice of material production and feuerbach from social and historical practice, also inherited Hegelian dialectics of nature of negation in nature and feuerbach to materialism insist, and puts forward the human and natural and social environment in practice is the history, the dialectical unification。Practice viewpoint is marxist philosophy primary and essential point of view, the practice principle is the construction of marxist philosophy principle. Based on the marxist viewpoint, existing world of the relationship between man and nature, man and society in relation to human practice is harmoniously. Marx’s view of nature are discussed relation between man and nature throughout practice this logic center, practice is the essential characteristics of marxist view of nature. Marxist view of nature practice characteristic helps us to correct understanding of the essence of the ecological problems, but also helps us to seek to solve ecological problems approach。更多还原