【作者】 黄梅；

【导师】 高振平；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 人体解剖与组织胚胎学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 灵芝是我国传统中医药宝库中的瑰宝,《神农本草经》把灵芝列为上品,谓紫芝“主耳聋,利关节,保神益精,坚筋骨,好颜色,久服轻身不老延年。”谓赤芝“主胸中结,益心气,补中增智慧不忘,久食轻身不老,延年成仙。”本实验所采用的灵芝品种为赤灵芝即赤芝,在种类众多的灵芝中属于药用价值较高的一种。现代医药研究已表明,灵芝的化学成分复杂,有多种药理学作用,如保肝解毒、抗衰老、抗肿瘤、扩张冠脉改善心肌循环、安眠凝神及提高机体免疫力的功能。虽然,现已明确灵芝具有多种药效,然而灵芝作为一种药用植物,与人工合成的药物不同,其制品最终所含有效成分的多少与灵芝的栽培、采集、制药提纯等的过程密切相关。本实验意在研究实验中所涉及的灵芝制品是否能够发挥免疫调节作用,并确定赤灵芝精粉、赤灵芝孢子粉及赤灵芝破壁孢子粉)三种制剂中哪种制剂的免疫调节效果最佳。研究内容分为两部分:1、灵芝制剂对正常小鼠免疫功能的影响。三种灵芝制剂对正常小鼠巨噬细胞的吞噬功能无明显影响,而对T和B淋巴细胞的增殖具有一定的抑制作用,且抑制效应具有浓度依赖性,浓度越高、抑制功能越强,这可能是由于体外药效不能完全发挥或浓度过高所致。2、灵芝制剂对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响。三种灵芝制剂可促使免疫抑制模型小鼠体重恢复,并增强NK细胞活性、提高T、B细胞的增殖功能,其中赤灵芝破壁孢子粉效果最为显著;此外,赤灵芝精粉可提高CD4~+、CD8~+T淋巴细胞比例,从而发挥对机体固有免疫及适应性免疫功能的调节作用。本研究证实了三种灵芝制剂在体内对免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能均具有一定程度的调节作用,且主要以赤灵芝破壁孢子粉效果最好,这为阐明其免疫调节的机理提供了实验依据,同时也为应用于调节机体免疫功能并最终治疗疾病提供了可靠的证据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Background: Ganoderma lucidum is Chinese traditional medicinal plant playing an important role in traditional Chinese medicine. There are about more than 200 kinds of ganoderma lucidum in the world, and China has 100 of them. Ganoderma is one of most common kinds. Most of study on pharmacological effects of Ganoderma lucidum is based on ganoderma as the object. Modern pharmacology also shows that ganoderma lucidum has many bioactivity components having many effects including hepatoprotection, improving microcirculation, slowing down senescence, improving neurasthenia and so on. Different methods for preparing ganoderma lucidum decide the different composition in it and the pharmacological effects. So far there are several kinds of ganoderma preparation, such as ganoderma lucidum ultramicro powder, ganoderma lucidum powder, ganoderma lucidum spore powder, wall-broken spores of ganoderma lucidum and so on with various efficacies. However the advantage or short among them is unkown. So it is very meaningful to find a kind of efficient ganoderma preparation to explore its mechanism of action and treat many kinds of diseases.Objective: This thesis mainly discussed the immunoregulation effects of ganoderma powder, ganoderma spore powder, wall-broken spores of ganoderma by detecting their immunoregulation effects on normal mice and immune suppressive mice, which is used for explore their mechanism of immunoregulation and find out a kind of effective ganoderma for improving immune functions.Method:1、Separating peritoneal macrophage and splenocytes in normal mice and detecting three kinds of the effects on these cells functions of ganoderma preparation using phagocytosis assay and lymphocyte proliferation assay.2、To obtain immunosuppressive mice model, we inject cyclophosphamide 75mg/kg.bw in abdominal cavity. Then we treated these mice with intragastric three kinds of ganoderma preparation 1g/kg.bw for two weeks. Finally, we detected the body weight and spleen index; macrophage function with peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis of chicken red blood cells assay; T and B lymphocyte proliferation and transformation function with lymphocyte proliferation assay; killing activity of NK cells with cytotoxicity assay and YAC-1 cell as the targeting cells; the percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell with flow cytometry.Result:1、The effects on immune functions of normal mice by ganoderma preparations. Compare with control group, three kinds of ganoderma preparation had no effects on phagocytosis of macrophage, but a little suppression on T and B lymphocytes. These results indicated that the coculture of immune cells and ganoderma can not improve the functions of immune cells. It maybe due to metabolism of preparation in vivo which makes them better play function. So we performed the in vivo study with immunosuppressive model.2、The effects on immune functions of immunosuppressive mice by ganoderma preparations. The body weight recovered to the normal level in three groups of ganoderma treating mice compared to the immunosuppressive mice. Spleen index and phagocytosis activity of macrophage didn’t change. The killing activity of NK cell was increased especially with wall-broken spores of ganoderma. Ganoderma could improve proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell in peripheral immune system, three kinds of the preparations could all improve lymphocyte function, especially wall-broken spores of ganoderma.Conclusion:1、Three kinds of ganoderma couldn’t affect the macrophage function of normal mice, but had a certain suppressive function on T and B lymphocyte proliferation with dose-dependent, higher suppressive function in higher concentration. This is probable due to the incomplete effects in vitro or the high concentration.2、Three kinds of ganoderma preparation could recover the body weight of immunosuppressive mice, and improve the NK cell activity and T and B lymphocyte proliferation, especially the wall-broken spores of ganoderma. In addition, ganoderma powder could increase the proportions of CD4+ and CD8+T cells which play a role in regulating the innate and adaptive immune functions.更多还原