【作者】 张纯；

【导师】 郭熙；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 语言学及应用语言学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 比喻作为一种重要的修辞手法在各类语体中都有使用，或用于说理，或用于抒情，或用于描述，而属在文艺语体中使用最广泛。因而本文主要以现当代作家文学作品中的比喻句为研究对象，结合社会语言学中的性别理论差异，从比喻使用内容和使用风格两个方面归纳比喻中存在的性别差异特征。首先，内容差异包括：1.本体方面：女性比男性的听觉、触觉、嗅觉更灵敏；女性比男性更多关注服饰发型；男性多对本性别的特有生理构造或特征进行用喻，对女性身体器官带审美目光进行用喻。2.喻体方面：女性常选用和较关注的是与自身有关的话题包括家庭生活的各个方面、服饰装扮、食物、艺术形式以及植物花草天空星辰和童话故事等，而男性视野较开阔，主要关注的是与政治历史军事、体育运动和科技等有关的词汇话题以及宏观世界的问题。3.修饰成分方面：包括形容词和颜色词的使用。其次，风格差异包括：男性用喻偏理性，女性用喻偏感性；男性用喻粗俗浅显，女性用喻含蓄文雅；男性用喻较幽默。在本文最后部分，我们认为形成比喻的性别差异有各种原因如生理原因、心理原因、社会原因等，性度特征在某种程度上会影响性别差异的形成。更多还原

【Abstract】 The metaphor is an important rhetorical device, which has been used in various stylistics for thereasoning, for the lyric, or be used to describe, while it is the most widely used in literary style.So we choose the metaphors of the contemporary writers’ literary works as the research object,combining with the theory of gender differences in sociolinguistics,summarized analogy in thegender differences in characteristics from the content and style.We summarized thecharacteristics are as follows: First, the ontological difference. Women are more sensitive thanmen in feelings of hearing, touch and smell.Women pay more attention to the dress and hair. Themen focus on the gender-specific physical structure or characteristics of the male, while tendingto use metaphor with aesthetic vision of the female body organs.Second, Metaphors difference:Women often choose the topics related themselves including the several aspects of familylife,closing,food,art,flowers and fairy story,while men who have the widen horizon focus on thetopics about politic,history,military,sport and Science and Technology. Third, Modifiedcomposition of the difference:including the use of the adjective and Color words. Fourth, styledifferences. Male are more rational, and women are partial perceptual.Men use metaphor morevulgar straightforward, and women use metaphor more subtle and elegant.Men use metaphormore humor. Last, there are many reasons reducing to the gender differences,and the Sexualcharacteristics to some extent will affect the formation of gender differences.更多还原