【作者】 胡洋；

【导师】 王友洁；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 儿少卫生与妇幼保健学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:老年人虐待是严重影响老年人身体和心理健康的社会问题,但是目前国内相关研究较少。本研究通过对湖北省麻城市农村地区老年人群的流行病学调查,掌握麻城农村老年人虐待的发生情况,探讨相关危险因素,为预防与干预老年人虐待,改善老年人的生活状况提供依据。方法:采用横断面调查研究方法,选择多阶段整群抽样,随机抽取麻城市农村地区3个办事处的老年人群,以问卷方式调查他们在过去一年内虐待发生及相关因素。调查内容包括一般人口学特征、社会经济学特征、老年人虐待调查、老年人抑郁调查、社会支持调查等。调查资料用EpiData3.1软件录入,用SPSS16.0软件包进行统计分析。采用的统计方法包括描述性分析、χ2检验与非条件logistic回归分析等。结果:1.湖北省麻城市农村地区老年人虐待的发生率为36.20%,各种类型虐待发生率从高到低依次为情感虐待(27.30%)、疏于照顾(15.80%)、身体虐待(4.90%)和经济剥削(1.95%)。常见的施虐者为儿子、配偶及儿媳妇。老年男性的虐待发生率为36.58%,略高于女性(35.95%),性别间的差异不具有统计学意义。60~组老年人虐待发生率最低(31.52%),随年龄的增长虐待发生率呈上升趋势,各组间的总体差异有统计学。2.多因素Logistic回归研究结果显示,与老年人虐待发生有关的危险因素包括:经济来源完全依靠子女(OR=2.01,1.49~2.70)、离婚/丧偶/未婚(OR=2.00,1.52~2.63)、抑郁(OR=1.98,1.32~2.96)、文化程度为文盲(OR=1.82,1.25~2.66)、身体残疾(OR=1.80,1.29~2.51)及患有慢性病(OR=1.25,1.03~1.53)。3.不同类型老年人虐待的危险因素如下所示:身体虐待的危险因素包括经济来源完全依靠子女(OR=2.70,1.37~5.32)、抑郁(OR=2.24,1.15~4.36)、离婚/丧偶/未婚(OR=1.56,1.02~2.40);情感虐待的危险因素包括婚姻状况为离婚/丧偶/未婚(OR=2.27,1.68~3.05)、抑郁(OR=2.22,1.47~3.35)、经济来源完全依靠子女(OR=2.21,1.61~3.05)、独居(OR=1.96,1.06~3.64)、文盲(OR=1.93,1.24~3.00)或文化程度为小学(OR=1.67,1.09~2.58)、身体残疾(OR=1.90,1.34~2.70)及患慢性病(OR=1.37,1.10~1.71);疏于照顾的危险因素包括去年曾经住院(OR=1.86,1.17~2.94)、经济来源完全依靠子女(OR=1.74,1.18~2.58)、男性(OR=1.71,1.55~1.91)及离婚/丧偶/未婚(OR=1.46,1.12~1.90);经济剥削的危险因素包括抑郁(OR=3.13,1.27~7.72)、身体残疾(OR=2.73,1.17~6.38)及不从事劳动(OR=1.25,1.08~1.45)。结论:湖北省麻城市农村地区老年人虐待发生率较高,其中情感虐待的发生率最高;不同类型老年人虐待的危险因素各不相同。对老年人虐待的干预应该采取综合措施,改善老年人的生活状况,使他们安享晚年。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To understand the prevalence and explore the possible risk factors of elder abuse, and to provide evidences for prevention and control of elder abuse.Methods: The subjects were selected by multistage cluster sampling method. People aged≥60 years in the study areas were interviewed by trained interviewer using a structured questionnaire. Database was set up using Epidata 3.1, and SPSS statistical software package was used for statistical analysis. Chi-square was used to analyze the categorical data. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine risk factors of elder abuse. The significance was established at P<0.05 with a two-side test.Results: The prevalence of elder abuse was 36.20% for rural elder people in Macheng city. The incidence rates of different type of elder abuse were 27.30% for emotional abuse, 15.80% for neglect, 4.90% for physical abuse and 1.95% for financial exploitation. The most common abusers were son, spouse and daughter in law of the elders. The prevalence of abuse for male (36.58%) was a little higher than that of female (35.95%), but the difference was not significantly. The prevalence of elder abuse was increased with the age (P<0.05).The risk factors for elder abuse were economic dependence on their children (OR=2.01, 1.49~2.70), divorced/widowed/single (OR=2.00, 1.52~2.63), depression (OR=1.98, 1.32~2.96), illiteracy (OR=1.82, 1.25~2.66), disability (OR=1.80, 1.29~2.51) and chronic disease (OR=1.25, 1.03~1.53).The risk factors for physical abuse were economic dependence on their children (OR=2.70, 1.37~5.32), depression (OR=2.24, 1.15~4.36) and divorced/single/widowed (OR=1.56, 1.02~2.40).The risk factors for emotional abuse were single/widowed (OR=2.27, 1.68~3.05), depression (OR=2.22, 1.47~3.35), economic dependence on their children (OR=2.21, 1.61~3.05), living alone (OR=1.96, 1.059~3.64), illiteracy (OR=1.93, 1.24~3.00) or primary educational level (OR=1.67, 1.09~2.58), disability (OR=1.90, 1.34~2.70) and chronic disease (OR=1.37, 1.10~1.71).The risk factors for neglect were hospitalization last year (OR=1.86, 1.17~2.94), living economic dependence on their children (OR=1.74, 1.18~2.58), male (OR=1.71, 1.55~1.91) and single/widowed (OR=1.46, 1.12~1.90).The risk factors for financial exploitation were depression (OR=3.13, 1.27~7.72), disability (OR=2.73, 1.17~6.38) and not working (OR=1.25, 1.08~1.45).Conclusions: Elder abuse was a severe public health problem in Macheng city. Our results suggested specific health educations and interventions for those elder people with different characteristics are necessary to reduce elder abuse.更多还原