【作者】 吴辉；

【导师】 付少平；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 农业推广， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 汉中市位于我国南水北调中线工程上游,近年来随着经济持续快速发展,广大农村地区环境污染日益严重,可持续发展面临巨大压力。一是集中式饮用水源缺乏有效保护措施,个别饮用水源受到污染,群众饮水安全难以保障;二是乡镇企业工艺设备落后、污染治理不过关,矿山采选企业弃渣乱堆乱放,选矿废水超标排放,破坏生态、污染环境,个别重金属企业存在污染隐患;三是规模化畜禽养殖场环境管理水平低、治污设施建设滞后,污染物排放浓度高、总量大;四是农作物秸秆缺乏大规模转化利用途径,露天随意焚烧现象严重,浪费资源,污染大气环境,存在安全隐患;五是农业生产中大量使用化肥、农药、地膜等,严重污染土壤、水体;六是集镇、村庄生活垃圾乱堆乱放,生活污水直接排放,农村生活污染问题日益严重。本文对汉中市农村环境综合整治工作现状及存在的工业生产、农业生产、居民生活三类主要污染问题进行了全面详细的调查,并从农村生产方式、农民观念行为、政策保障、资金投入等方面对问题产生的原因进行了客观深入分析,在此基础上提出了农村环境综合整治的具体措施:一是严格执行环保法律法规,控制新增污染源;二是加强饮用水源保护,保障群众饮水安全;三是强化乡镇工矿企业监管,严肃查处环境违法行为;四是合理使用化肥、农药、地膜,减轻农业面源污染;五是加强规模化畜禽养殖场污染治理,减少污染物排放总量;六是开展农村生活污染治理,实现垃圾无害化处置、污水处理后排放;七是实施绿化美化工程,改善居住环境。更多还原

【Abstract】 Agriculture lays a solid foundation to the development and progress of human civilization. The problems face by modern agriculture such as environmental pollution, ecological damage, resource depletion are getting worse. However, agriculturale is developing circular economy. With circular economy principles and methods, three-dimensional cultivation, which can strengthen the material cycle and energy conversion and improve resource utilization, reduce production costs and protecting the environment, is a necessarily way to realize sustainable development of agricultural and rural society.Hanzhong is located at the upper reaches of the North Water Diversion Project. Along with the sustained, rapid and stable economic growth, vast rural areas are facing increasing pressure on resources and the environment. While strides in small towns, environmental pollution in rural areas is getting worse.Extensive use of fertilizer, pesticide and agricultural plastic film, point source pollution and soil pollution caused by agricultural production are serious security constraints in agricultural production and sustainability; household farming field is the majority in Hanzhong City, which could not generate pollution caused by large-scale aquaculture farming enterprises, but resulting in over a broad area pollution that were controlled more difficult; combined with the certail scale of local stone industry, paper industry, cleaning industry, textile industry and other "township enterprises", in this area, some irregularities in the atmosphere, water, noise, solid waste and other environmental issues appears aggravated trend. Hanzhong rural development has not yet faced off, which should face the pollution looming embarrassment.Based on the current rural environment of Hanzhong City, soil pollution survey, ecological demonstration to create, protect rural water, sewage, solid waste pollution sources such as environmental protection and breeding status of the investigation, this thesis proposed seven major types of rural environmental protection problem of Hanzhong City, and deeply analyzed the problems and the causes from rural production and living, social development environment, social group characteristics, four aspects of policy issues, then put forward comprehensive control way of rural environment, specific channels and eight measures, policy recommendations, and analyzed comprehensive benefit analysis of Control measures.更多还原