【作者】 张竞；

【导师】 肖双九； 徐开明；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 软件工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 LIS系统(Laboratory Information System,实验室信息管理系统)是HIS系统(Hospital Information System,医院信息管理系统)的一个重要组成部分,用于协助检验部门完成日常检验工作,是检验部门信息化的重要工具,在医院数字化建设中有着不可忽视的作用。随着将来网络和软硬件技术的发展,LIS有着很大的发展空间,例如结果的智能分析功能、互联网的报告自助查询功能等等。在日常医院检验业务中,检验标本一般需要通过医生开单、门诊病人付费、护士采样、送检、检验人员签收、住院病人计费、标本分类、编号、上机检验、审核、发布结果诸多繁琐的过程,其中环节较多,产生差错的机会也多。随着医院检验部门各类先进的检测仪器的大量引进,检验部门的操作流程和管理制度的改革,医院HIS系统的日益完善,医院需要更好、更完善的LIS系统来适应当前的工作要求。本文所实现的检验信息系统属于LIS,本系统和HIS系统的其他子系统做到无缝链接,使医务人员能在任何需要的地方发送检验医嘱和查看检验报告,大力支持医生的诊疗工作。严格执行指定的流程,从各个工作环节上进行质量控制,提高质控水平。减少检验部门工作人员的工作环节,降低工作人员的工作强度,最大限度的减少了人为的错误,提高了工作效率,尤其是具有双向通讯功能的仪器进行双向联机后,降低了样本编号、上机检验、标本核查这些环节的错误率,使得工作人员能全心投入到对检验结果的分析、审核和对检验质量的控制工作中。本文以华山医院LIS系统的项目的开发为背景,分析了国内外LIS系统的现状和存在的问题,提出了LIS系统的研究目标和意义。本文主要介绍了以下内容:目前主流的数据交换语言XML语言;提高数据库性能的表分区技术和真正应用集群技术;以及系统的需求分析、设计和实现。本系统的开发采用了RUP(Rational Unified Process,统一软件开发过程)的方法,针对需求不断的变化进行迭代开发,同时采用了UML(Unified Modeling Language,统一建模语句)贯彻软件开发周期的每一个阶段。需求分析阶段,与检验部门的工作人员以及系统所涉及到的其他部门人员进行充分的沟通,使用UML系统用例模型为系统需求建模。设计阶段,采用两层的C/S模式的系统体系结构,完成系统功能架构的设计,利用UML的静态类图、时序图等对各模块的对象、流程和功能进行了详细设计,采用Rational Rose建模。本系统实现了海量检验数据的快速采集处理和查询,病人在院的历次化验记录存储。可以通过报告单的形式或者历次化验对比的形式等多种形式展现给医护人员查看。基于仪器的双向通讯技术的特点,要求所有的标本(包括非常规标本例如体检、外送标本等)都要纳入条形码的流程中,为此支持多种开单模式,从而使得检验部门的所有仪器的检验结果都能找到HIS系统的数据来源,真正实现了各环节的质量控制。本文实现的检验信息系统在华山医院升级后使用至今,运行效果良好,减少了工作人员的差错率,提高了检验部门的质控水平,给医院和检验部门带来了良好的经济效益和社会效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 LIS (Laboratory Information System) is an important portion of HIS (Hospital Information System). It is used to assist in the laboratory to complete the daily work. It is an essential tool of information management in the laboratory, and has a negligible role in the digital construction of the hospital. With the future development of network, hardware and software technology, LIS System has much room for development, e.g., the results of intelligence analysis, report of internet self-service query, and so on. In daily hospital test, a sample has a series of sessions, including the doctor prescribes, payments from the patients, the nurse sampling, sample delivering, the laboratorial sign in, billing for in-patients, categorizing, numbering, examination, auditing, publishing results, etc. The complicated process leads to the high failure rate. With the introduction of advanced instruments, the reformation of the operation process and the management system in the information department, and the improvement of HIS, hospitals need better and improved LIS to meet the requirements of current work.The implemented System of this paper belongs to LIS. The LIS and the subsystems of HIS can achieve a seamless linkage. Therefore, medical staffs can send the test orders, and view the test reports at any time and any place. It strongly supports the doctor s diagnosis and treatment. By strictly executing the designated procedure and quality control on each work section, the quality control level is improved. The working sections for test operators and the work strength are reduced. The system minimizes the man-made mistake and improves working efficiency. Especially after the two-way communication with the instruments, the failure rates of sample numbering, machine testing, and sample verification are reduced. Therefore, operators can dedicate to the analysis and verification of test results, and quality control for test.The development of Huashan hospital LIS System is used as the model in this paper. This paper analyzes the domestic and international situation and existing problems of LIS System, describes the research goal and the meaning of LIS System. This paper includes the following parts: techniques used in the system, including XML language, Oracle partition table and RAC (Real Application Clusters); the system requirement analysis, design and implement. The system is developed using the RUP (Rational Unified Process). It makes an iterative development for changing requirement, and implements the software development cycle at every stage by using UML. In the requirement analysis stage, the use case model is built by communicating with test operators and other related staff. In the design stage, the C/S mode system architecture is used to complete the system structure design; the UML class diagrams are used to describe the structure for the database; the static class diagrams and sequence diagrams of UML are used to describe the functional structure; the database model with Rational Rose is built to complete the detailed design.The system achieved rapid speed in sampling and querying from the massive test data, stored the patient s previous laboratory records which be presented to the doctor through various forms. According to the characteristics of two-way communication technology, all the specimens (including unusual specimens such as delivery specimens, etc.) should be included in the bar code process. By supporting a variety of billing models, all test reports from every instrument of the laboratory can be found in HIS System.This upgraded LIS System is used in Huashan Hospital. It significantly reduced the failure rate of operators, improved the level of quality control for the laboratory, achieved the good economic benefits and social efficiency for hospital and laboratory.更多还原