【作者】 吴俊；

【导师】 曹玉广；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 流行病与卫生统计学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 脊髓灰质炎病毒(PV)是肠道病毒的代表,对消毒剂的抗力较强。大肠杆菌f2噬菌体生物学性质与甲肝病毒、PV相似,对消毒剂的抵抗力与致病性肠道病毒相接近。本研究尝试通过对这两种病毒的消毒来评价消毒剂的消毒效果。过氧乙酸(PAA)溶液对细菌、真菌等均表现有较强的灭活作用。紫外线(UV)消毒对细菌、病毒等病原微生物的灭活效果也较强,消毒后的饮水比较安全。本研究以PV-I的Sabin株和大肠杆菌f2噬菌体作为饮水消毒的病毒指示物,制备模拟水样,采用过氧乙酸和紫外线联合对其进行消毒,与次氯酸钠的消毒效果进行比较,初步探讨PAA与UV联合的消毒效果,为饮水病毒消毒提供参考数据。第一部分过氧乙酸与紫外线联合对脊髓灰质炎病毒I型灭活效果研究目的:研究过氧乙酸与紫外线联合对脊髓灰质炎病毒I型的灭活作用,与次氯酸钠的消毒效果进行比较,评价其效果。方法:增殖脊髓灰质炎病毒(PV-I)得原液,制备模拟水样。采用终点稀释法测定PV-I感染滴度,通过中和剂鉴定实验选择有效浓度的中和剂。采用悬液定量灭活实验对模拟水样进行消毒处理,添加中和剂终止消毒作用,再测定PV-I感染滴度,计算灭活对数值。结果:过氧乙酸浓度为3mg/L,紫外强度为10mws/cm2时,作用10min,对脊髓灰质炎病毒灭活对数值为1.75±0.08。过氧乙酸浓度为3mg/L,紫外强度为19mws/cm2时,作用10min,脊髓灰质炎病毒I型便可达到4个对数级以上的灭活。而有效氯含量为3mg/L的次氯酸钠对脊髓灰质炎病毒I型的灭活作用不强,作用10min只能达到0.31±0.19个对数级。结论:过氧乙酸与紫外联合对脊髓灰质炎病毒I型灭活效果比次氯酸钠强。随着过氧乙酸浓度的增大、紫外强度的增强,对脊髓灰质炎病毒I型的灭活作用增强。第二部分过氧乙酸与紫外线联合对大肠杆菌f2噬菌体灭活效果研究目的:研究过氧乙酸与紫外联合对大肠杆菌f2噬菌体的灭活作用,与次氯酸钠的消毒效果进行比较,评价其效果。方法:增殖大肠杆菌f2噬菌体得原液,制备模拟水样。采用双层琼脂培养法测定大肠杆菌f2噬菌体浓度。通过中和剂鉴定实验选择有效浓度的中和剂。采用悬液定量灭活实验对模拟水样消毒处理,添加中和剂终止消毒作用,再对大肠杆菌f2噬菌体进行浓度测定。结果:过氧乙酸浓度为3mg/L,紫外强度为10mws/cm2时,作用10min,对大肠杆菌f2噬菌体的灭活对数值为0.54±0.13。当过氧乙酸浓度为15.0mg/L,紫外强度为27.9mws/cm2时,f2噬菌体的灭活对数值为1.62±0.84,紫外强度增至27.9 mws/cm2 ,过氧乙酸浓度为100mg/L时,f2噬菌体可以达到灭活对数级>4。而有效氯含量为3mg/L的次氯酸钠对f2噬菌体作用10min只能达到0.25±0.04个对数级。结论:过氧乙酸与紫外线联合对大肠杆菌f2噬菌体灭活作用比次氯酸钠强。随着过氧乙酸浓度的增大、紫外强度的增强,对大肠杆菌f2噬菌体的灭活作用增强。更多还原

【Abstract】 PV is the representation of enterovirus and have quite high resistance to disinfectant. The biological property of coliphage f2 is similar with HAV&PPV, and its resistance to disinfectant is similar with pathogenic enterovirus. This study try to evaluate the disinfection efficacy by using disinfectant to sterilize these two virus. PAA has stong killing effect on bacterium and fungi. UV has strong inactivation effect on bacterium and virus, and disinfected water is safe. This study used live attenuated virus vaccines and coliphage f2 as indicator of virus in disinfection of drinking water, prepared simulated water sample, sterilized the virus by PAA combined with UV, then compared the disinfection effect with sodium hypochlorite’s and evaluate it, provided reference data for the disinfection of virus in drinking water.Part I Study on the Inactivation Effect of PAA-UV on Poliovirus Type IObjective: Studied on the inactivation effect of PAA combined with UV on poliovirus type I , then compared it with sodium hypochlorite and evaluated its effect. Method: Proliferated PV-I, got the supernatant and prepared simulated water sample. Tested the infectivity titer of PV-I by the end point dilution method. Chose effective concentration of neutralizer through neutralizer identified experiment. Used suspension quantitative inactivated test to disinfection in water sample. Added neutralizer into the solution to finish the experiment. Tested its concentration, and calculated the value of reduction.Result: The results showed that it could achieve 1.75±0.08 log PV-I reductions when PAA at dosage attaining 3mg/L, ultraviolet irradiation attaining 10 mws/cm2 with a 10min contact time. The combination of PAA and UV treatments caused more than 4 log PV-I reductions when PAA at dosage attaining 3mg/L, ultraviolet irradiation attaining 19 mws/cm2 last about 10 minutes. The inactivating efficacy of sodium hypochlorite was not strong, while 0.31±0.19 log reductions of PV-I at a 3mg/L available chlorine dose with a 10min contact time.Conclusion: The combination of PAA and UV treatments have stronger efficacy on PV-I than sodium hypochlorite , and the inactivating efficacy increased with increasing the dosage of PAA and UV.Part II Study on the Inactivation Effect of PAA-UV on Coliphage F2Objective: Studied on the inactivation effect of PAA combined with UV on coliphage F2, then compared it with sodium hypochlorite and evaluated its effect.Method: Proliferated coliphage f2, got the supernatant and prepared simulated water sample. Tested and calculated the concentration by double agar cultured method. Chose effective concentration of neutralizer through neutralizer identified experiment. Used suspension quantitative inactivated test to disinfection in water sample. Added neutralizer into the solution to finish the experiment. Tested its concentration, and calculated the value of reduction.Result: The results showed that it could achieve 0.54±0.13 log coliphage f2 reductions When PAA at dosage attaining 3mg/L, ultraviolet irradiation attaining 10 mws/cm2 last about 10 minutes. The log reductions of coliphage f2 can achieve 1.62±0.84 when PAA at dosage attaining 15mg/L, ultraviolet irradiation attaining 27.9 mws/cm2, and the inactivated the log reductions of coliphage f2 can achieve more than 4 when PAA at dosage attaining 100mg/L, ultravioletirradiation attaining 27.9mws/cm2. The sodium hypochlorite only caused 0.25±0.04 log reductions of coliphage f2 at a 3mg/L available chlorine dose with a 10min contact time.Conclusion: The combination of PAA and UV treatments have stronger efficacy on coliphage f2 than sodium hypochlorite , and the inactivating efficacy increased with increasing the dosage of PAA and UV.更多还原