【作者】 张艳；

【导师】 钟华；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,有许多外国留学生在中国高等院校学习,他们在中国会碰到诸如语言、学业、人际的和经济等方面各种各样的问题。因此帮助他们减轻文化适应应激从而让他们能够更好的适应就变得很重要。本文有两个研究目的:一是了解在华留学生文化适应应激的现状,二是探索留学生文化适应应激的因素。本文的受试者是94名正在华中科技大学和华中师范大学攻读学士、硕士或博士学位的留学生。作者在借鉴Sandhu & Asrabadi的留学生文化适应应激量表的基础上设计出一套量表,调查了这些来华留学生的文化适应应激情况;并在借鉴Sarason, Shearin, & Pierce的社会支持量表的基础上设计出一套量表来测量受试者对自己得到的社会支持的满意度;在借鉴Cross (1995)和Seongjik(2008)的语言水平量表的基础上设计出了一套测量受试者的汉语能力的量表。作者随机抽取了5名留学生对其进行了访谈,目的在与了解受试者的汉语学习和使用情况。随后,作者把收集到的原始数据输入到SPSS软件中,并对问卷收集的数据进行了因子分析和信度分析来检验问卷的结构效度和信度;皮尔森相关分析被用来检验留学生所获得的社会支持满意度和汉语水平与文化适应应激之间是否存在相关关系;单因素方差分析和独立样本T检验被用来检验来华留学生的文化适应应激在每一种人口统计因素的不同分组上是否存在显著行差异。研究结果表明:1)来华留学生的适应应激水平普遍不高,而且因受到的歧视和仇恨产生的适应应激是其适应应激的主要来源;2)社会支持满意度和文化适应应激呈显著负相关的关系;3)汉语水平与文化适应应激呈负相关关系,但不显著;4)来华留学生的文化适应应激水平根据来华时间长短和所获得的财政支持不同有显著差异;而与性别、年龄、所属大洲、婚姻状况和攻读学位没有显著差异。本文研究结果的启示是:学校应采取更多的措施来帮助留学生提高汉语水平;促进留学生与中国学生的交流。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays, there are many international students studying in Chinese universities or colleges. These international students may be confronted with various problems such as linguistic, academic, interpersonal, financial, and intrapersonal problems. So it is critical to help international students reduce acculturation stress for better adaptation in China. This study has two research objectives. The first one is to evaluate the acculturation stress of international students in China. The second one is to investigate variables affecting the acculturation stress of these international students.The subjects in this study are 94 international students who are candidates for Bachelor degree, Master degree or Doctoral degree in Huazhong University of Science & Techonology and Central China Normal University. Based on Acculturation Stress Scale for International Students (designed by Sandhu & Asrabadi in 1994), the researcher designed a scale to test the acculturation level of these subjects. Based on Social Support Questionnaire designed by Sarason, Shearin, & Pierce, the researcher also designed a scale to check how the subjects are satisfied with the social support they have received. Another scale was designed based on the original model of Cross (1995) and the modified model of Seongjik (2008) to test Chinese language proficiency the subjects perceived. Five international students among the 94 subjects were randomly chosen to be interviewed about their Chinese language learning and practicing.Later, the researcher put all the raw data into SPSS 16.0. Factor analysis and reliability analysis are processed to test the construct validity and reliability of the questionnaire study. Pearson correlation analysis is processed to investigate the relationship between social support satisfaction, perceived Chinese skills and acculturation stress. One-way ANOVA and Independent-Sample T Test are performed to test whether there is significant difference in means of acculturation stress with respect to every demographic variable.The major research findings are as follows: 1) the level of acculturation stress among international students is relatively low, and low stress due to perceived discrimination and hatred is the major source of their acculturation stress; 2) social support satisfaction is negatively and significantly correlated to acculturation stress; 3) perceived Chinese skills are negatively but not significantly correlated to acculturation stress; 4) the length of stay in China and financial support can make significant difference of acculturation stress among international students in China, but other demographic variables such as age, gender, continents, marital status and degree seeking can not.The results of the research indicate that more intervention from university authority should be performed to help international student with their Chinese proficiency, to propel the socialization of international students with Chinese students.更多还原