【作者】 徐超；

【导师】 黄大熹；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， MPA， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 蓄滞洪区内有大量人口居住和从事生产活动是我国的特色,人水共处是历史条件和我国人口经济状况决定的无奈选择。工程性安全设施的建设,提高了堤垸内居民的安全转移能力,一旦蓄洪,群众即可转移至安全台、安全楼,减少人员伤亡及财产损失,具有一定的社会效益和经济效益。但是,工程性措施,只能从一定程度上缓解洪水对蓄滞洪去内人口的生命威胁,区内人口的长远发展,并没有根本性的转变。现阶段,洞庭湖蓄滞洪区人口安置采用“单退”和“双退”模式,逐步将蓄滞洪区内人口迁出。近期通过调整农业和工业生产结构、规模化生产,利用和发展蓄滞洪区内土地,以此为区内迁出的人口提供生产和工作机会,保障其生活和发展;远期则充分发挥蓄滞洪区功能,作为湿地保护,开发生态旅游相关产业,最大程度地实现“人给水让地”,维护环境和生态平衡。蓄滞洪区人口安置是一项复杂和系统的工程,需要多方面和各环节的配合,不仅需要工程性措施,更需要非工程性措施的支持,包括政策支持。本文提出建立专门的蓄滞洪区管理机构,在控制蓄滞洪区内人口增长和严格控制或禁止区外人口内迁的同时,各级政府出台相关政策提高区内人口素质,鼓励人口外迁,并为外迁人口提供充分的就业和发展空间。蓄滞洪区人口安置所需经费庞大,由政府为人口安置提供全部的资金投入是不现实的,必须通过开发和利用好区内土地,健全蓄滞洪区管理机构,调整产业结构,积蓄资金,逐步建立蓄滞洪区运用补偿和移民社会保障长效机制以及蓄滞洪区防洪保险基金,实现人、水和土地的和谐发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is a unique feature that, in China, a large population resides and engaged in production activities in flood detention area. Coexistence of human and water in flood detention areas is a dilemmatic choice brought by historical conditions and economic scenes of China. Construction of engineering safety facilities has improved resident-transferring capacity of these areas. In case of flood detention, the residents could temporarily move onto safety platform or buildings, thus, realize less casualties and property losses. Certain social benefits and economic benefits as the engineering control measures might bring, it only mitigates life-threatening to the population in flood detention areas for some extents. And there’s no fundamental change achieves for the long-term development of this population. At the present, Single-relocating Mode and Double-relocating Mode are adopted for the population resettlement in Dongting Lake flood detention areas. In the near-term, it provides working opportunities for the relocated population and safeguards their living and development through adjusting agricultural and industrial structures, large-scale production and by utilizing and developing land resources within the flood detention area; and in the long term, under the preconditions of full playing flood detention function and protected as wetlands in these areas, it calls for development of ecological tourism related industries, farthest realizing Space-providing for Water, and ultimately maintaining environmental and ecological balances. Population resettlement in flood detention areas is a complex and systematic undertakings, which calls for co-ordination from many aspects and various sections. Not only engineering control measures, but also lots of non-engineering measures, as well as, policy supports are required. The paper suggests the establishment of a specialized administrative agency for the flood detention areas. In time of controlling population growth within the flood detention area, and strictly controlling or forbidding new population moves into the flood detention area, local governments at all levels should adjust policies for improving the population quality, encourage population resettlement, and provide adequate employment and development opportunities for the relocated population. While it is unpractical that the government can supply all funds for the population resettlement of flood detention areas, it inevitably requires rational development and utilization of land resources within the flood detention areas. Therefore, by completing administration framework, adjusting industrial structure and fund accumulation, the paper suggests to build up long-standing mechanisms of flood detention compensation and social security system for the relocated population, as well setup of insurance fund for flood control of the flood detention area, and thus, realize harmonious coexistence and development of human, water and land.更多还原