农村人口空心化现状及影响因素分析

【作者】 刘巍；

【导师】 莫少群；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 社会学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 当代中国正处于改革开放的新时期,经济体制改革已经取得阶段性成果,市场经济体制正逐步得以建立和完善。城市化、工业化和现代化正从根本上改变中国传统的社会结构和思想观念,尤其改变着传统农村社会,促使农村人口不断地向城市流动、迁移,同时传统的农村观念也日益更新甚至遭到了颠覆。劳动力从农村向城市的流动变得相对自由,这一过程必然促发农村社会的人口结构发生变动,明显地表现为农村中的青壮年劳动力大量向城市或者城镇流动迁移,农村剩余人口以大龄劳动力[1]甚至是学龄儿童和老人等非劳动力为主,这是农村劳动力断裂的过程,也是农村人口空心化的过程。本文选取典型的苏中城市江都下辖的三个行政村为调查对象,通过对农村人口结构及其变动的分析,描述其空心化状况,在此基础上,进一步从宏观政策改革、城市拉力、农村推力以及个体理性选择等方面分析造成农村人口空心化的原因,随后考察空心化对苏中地区农村人口、社会建设、经济发展和社区治理等方面的影响。最后,文章就当前苏中地区农村改革提出个人的思考,提倡既要关注其对经济发展的影响,又要关注其对社会改革和建设新农村的意义,在权衡利弊的前提下,才能对农村问题对症下药,农村改革才会富有成效。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays, China is going through a very new stage on opening and reforming, as the reform on economic system has achieved considerable accomplishment, also the marketing economic system is being under built and perfected. Urbanization, industrialization and modernization are altering the traditional social structure and thoughts of Chinese people, especially the rural society. It’s becoming more and more convenient for labors in the rural areas to move to the urban areas, which will surely have a great influence on rural population structure. People, not only labor forces but also residents living in rural areas are moving and migrating to urban areas for better jobs or better development, leaving more than 45 year-old workforce even the non-labor force in rural areas. This is a process of labor fracture, also can be called the hollowing of rural population.This article will aims at analyzing on rural population structure of Middle area of Jiangsu province, thus, a typical middle Jiangsu city will be chosen to be analyzed. Furthermore, the article will illustrate the hidden reasons for all the alternation, the fundamental reason lies in the transformation of the society, specifically urban area and rural area and together with the individual ration.As far as the influence and results of hollowing on rural population are concerned, it can be divided into two aspects, named positive and passive, including the influence on the development of rural economy as well as the society, neither can be ignored, only in this way can rural reform achieve success.更多还原