【作者】 王云；

【导师】 罗新华；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 会计学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 目前,由美国次贷危机引起的全球金融危机仍在影响着各国的经济,而这一危机的起源是银行没有充分认识和评价贷款中隐含的风险,这为我国的资本市场参与者敲响警钟。在整个金融市场中,随着我国综合国力的提高,其受资本市场影响的风险性也在加大。我国资本市场中的债权人、债务人如何在债务契约的过程中防范风险,怎样更好的利用会计信息进行事前的防范是我们应该着重考虑的内容。债务契约的存在使资本市场产生了对会计信息稳健性的需求。会计稳健性可以降低债务契约成本,缓解债权人和股东的利益冲突,给债权人和债务人带来事前和事后的收益,提高资产市场的配置效率。债务契约过程是一个复杂的过程,涉及到很多方面,具体是哪些因素影响到会计的稳健性,这方面的研究很少。文章从债务契约的主要的约束力因素出发,考虑了整体债务水平和债务期限对会计稳健性的影响,并对两者之间的关系进行了实证研究。同时还结合我国的实际情况,在特殊的制度背景下,着重分析了国有控股企业的长期债务比例和私有控股企业短期借款比例的对会计稳健性产生的影响。本文采用了定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法,对2007-2009年A股上市公司的会计稳健性与债务契约约束力之间的关系进行分析。实证研究发现,债务整体水平对会计稳健性存在显著影响,即企业债务比例较高时,企业的会计稳健性越强,会计政策更趋于稳健。不同期限的银行借款对企业会计稳健性的影响不同,短期借款比例对会计稳健性产生显著的正向的影响,短期借款比例越高,会计稳健性越强。长期借款比例对会计稳健性有显著的负向的影响,长期借款比例越高,会计稳健性越差。结合我国的制度背景,国有控股会削弱会计信息稳健性,短期借款比例高的私有企业会计政策更加稳健,而长期借款比例高的国有企业会计稳健性较低。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, the global financial crisis which is caused by the U.S. subprime mortgage is still affecting the economy. The origin of the crisis is that the banks did not fully evaluate the loan risks. This is an Alarm to Chinese capital market. With the development of national strength, the risk caused by the global capital market is increasing in China. How to prevent the risk in the signing of debt contract for the creditors and debtors, how to make better use of accounting information to guard against the risk is that we should consider strongly.The existence of debt contract makes the demand for the conservative accounting information. The accounting conservatism is important to lowering the debt contract cost and reducing the interests between creditors and shareholders. In the debt contract, the conservative accounting information can bring the before and after benefits for the lenders and borrowers and improve the efficiency of the capital market. The research is little which focus on the effecting factors to conservatism from the perspective of debt contract. This article is mainly about how the amount and maturity of debt affects the conservatism from the perspective of debt contract binding factors. At the same time, the relationship is empirical studied in the special institutional background of China. How the long-term debt ratio of state-owned enterprises and the short-term loan proportion of private enterprises impacts the accounting conservatism is analyzed.In this paper, we use the qualitative and quantitative analysis method and study the data of 2007-2009 A-share listed companies. We analyze the relationship between accounting conservatism and debt contract binding factors. Empirical result shows: the overall level of debt has significant accounting impact to the accounting conservatism. The accounting information shows higher accounting conservatism while the debt proportion is higher. The various maturities of bank borrowings have different impact to the conservatism. The higher the proportion of short-term loans, the accounting conservatism is stronger. The higher proportion of long-term borrowing, the accounting conservatism is worse. Combined with the special background of China, the state-owned holding undermines the accounting conservatism. The private enterprise with a high proportion of short-term loans shows higher accounting conservatism while the state-owned enterprise with a high long-term proportion shows lower accounting conservatism.更多还原