【作者】 张青；

【导师】 阎光亮；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁大学 ， 中外政治制度， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 随着时代的进步,人们越来越认识到,一个具有科学理念和现代精神的社会,不仅仅是一个凸显公民价值与权利的民主社会,而且还应是一个倡导公民政治参与的责任社会;公民的政治参与是现代社会民主制度赖以存在的基础,也是民主政治的基本特征之一。与此同时,公民的政治参与水平又是衡量一个国家民主政治建设成果的最重要标志。在当今中国,扩大公民有序的政治参与是目前中国政治发展面临的重大课题。党的十七大强调:“要从各个层次、各个领域扩大公民有序政治参与,最广泛地动员和组织人民依法管理国家事务和社会事务、管理经济和文化事业”。扩大公民有序的政治参与,体现了民主与法治、参与与秩序、发展与稳定的有机结合,同构建社会主义和谐社会对新阶段政治发展的要求相一致,具有重要的现实意义。改革开放以来,中国公民的政治参与逐步迈上了健康发展的轨道,具体表现在:政治参与主体范围有所扩大、参与渠道拓宽、参与关注点多元、参与制度化取得初步成果等方面。这些都是党和国家深化改革、促进民主政治发展所取得的积极成果。但同时也要看到,我国正处在重要的社会转型时期,经济发展不平衡,贫富差距拉大,利益结构分化带来利益主体的多元化,导致了社会矛盾激化。正是在这样的背景下,公民的政治参与仍存在一些不容无视的问题,例如:非制度化的政治参与依然普遍存在、利益取向成为是否政治参与的决定性因素、政治消极行为的广泛分布、弱势群体的公民政治参与阻碍重重等,这些均影响并制约着中国公民政治参与的实际效果,延缓了中国民主政治的发展进程。因此,本文重在通过分析中国公民政治参与的现状及存在的问题,进而提出完善中国公民政治参与的对策,即:积极稳妥地扩大公民有序的政治参与。具体将从构建理性的公民政治参与文化、完善公民政治参与的制度化建设、拓宽公民政治参与的领域、优化公民政治参与的社会坏境这四个方面进行论述。本文的特点及侧重点就在于通过理论和案例的结合分析,最终达到构建公民政治参与方法的系统化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Citizens’ political participation is the modern social democratic system foundation upon which to build, also is one of the basic characteristics of democratic politics.With the progress of The Times, people increasingly recognize that, a scientific concept and modern society, not only is a prominent citizen rights and democratic society value, but also should be an advocate of citizen’s political participation responsibility society; Citizen’s political participation is the modern social democratic system based on the existing, but also one of the basic characteristics of democratic politics. Meanwhile, citizens’ political participation level is the measure of a national democratic political construction achievements of the most important symbol. In today’s China, expand orderly citizen participation in politics is the political development of China faces major issue. The CPC to stressed: "from all levels and each field expand orderly citizen politics participation, the most widely mobilize and organize people to manage state affairs and social affairs, manage economic and cultural undertakings". Expand orderly citizen participation in politics, democracy and rule of law, embodies the participation and order, development and stability of organic combination of constructing socialist harmonious society with the development of new phase in accordance with the requirements of the political, have important practical significance.Since the reform and opening up, Chinese citizens’ political participation gradually scaled up the track of healthy development, specific displays in: political participation main area have somewhat expanded, participation channels to expand, participate in multiple, participation institutionalization concerns has preliminary results, etc. These are party and national deepening reform and promoting the development of democratic politics have the positive results. But also want to see, our country is in an important period of social transition, the economic development is not balanced, widening wealth gaps, interest structure differentiation of diversification, bring benefit main body caused social contradictions escalate. It is in this context, the citizens’ political participation still has some not ignoring questions, for example: the non-institutionalized political participation is still widespread, interest orientation became the decisive factor whether political participation, political negative behavior widely distributed, vulnerable groups citizen politics participation, these are fraught with obstacles such as Chinese influences and restricts the actual effect of citizen’s political participation, delaying the development process of China’s democratic politics.Therefore, this paper focuses on the analysis of the Chinese citizen politics participation by the present situation and existing problems, and advances the perfect Chinese citizen politics participation countermeasures, which are actively expand orderly citizen participation in politics. From constructing rational specific cultural citizen’s political participation, perfect citizen politics participation of institutional construction, broaden the citizen politics participation field, optimization of citizen’s political participation on the four aspects of social bad was discussed. This paper is the characteristics and emphases the combination of by theories and cases analysis, and finally reach the construction method of citizen’s political participation systematic.更多还原