【作者】 罗敏；

【导师】 万方浩； 高必达； 周忠实；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 生物安全与检疫， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 广聚萤叶甲(Ophraella cammuna)是入侵害草豚草(Ambrosia artemisiifolia)的一种重要专一性天敌。本文研究了短时高低温、光周期和食物胁迫对广聚萤叶甲发育和生殖的影响,旨在明确其逆境适应能力,为提出相应的保护措施,充分发挥该叶甲对我国豚草的控制潜力提供一定的理论基础。实验结果表明：1.短时低温胁迫对广聚萤叶甲发育与生殖的影响2h低温胁迫后,卵孵化率和幼虫存活率随胁迫温度下降而降低,各低温胁迫蛹的存活率与对照无显著差异(P>0.05),2h低温胁迫显著缩短成虫寿命,降低了雌虫生殖力,且对成虫存活影响显著,其存活率随温度下降而显著降低。2.短时高温胁迫对广聚萤叶甲发育与生殖的影响2h高温胁迫后,卵孵化率、幼虫、蛹和成虫存活率,以及成虫生殖力均随胁迫温度升高而降低；且35-47℃短时胁迫显著缩短了卵、幼虫和蛹的发育历期及成虫寿命。3.光周期和食物胁迫对广聚萤叶甲发育与生殖的影响相同食物条件下,幼虫和蛹的存活率、成虫生殖力以及F1代卵的孵化率均随光周期缩短而降低；幼虫、蛹和F1代卵的发育历期随光周期缩短而延长,但成虫寿命和性比受光周期影响不显著。同一光周期条件下,食物胁迫对各虫态生长发育及成虫生殖影响显著。光周期和食物交互作用仅对成虫生殖力和F1代卵的存活与幼虫发育产生显著影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ophraella communa Lesage (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae) is an important and specific natural enemy against invasive weed, common ragweed(Ambrosia artemisiifolia). In order to understand the ability to resist enviorment stress, then develop several appropriate protective measures and provide better theoretical foundation for controlling the Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. by using Ophraella communa Lesage, low temperature stress, high temperature stress, photoperiod and food stress on the development and fecundity of this leaf beetle were studied in this paper. The main results were as follows:1. Effects of short-term low temperature stress on the development and fecundity of Ophraella communa LeSage (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae)The hatch rate of eggs and the survival of larve decreased with the decreasing temperature.However, the survival rates of pupae did not differ from that of the control (P>0.05). The longevity and fecundity of adults decreased significantly and the survival rate of adult was also significantly affected under low temperature stresses, and the adult’s survival rate decreased significantly along with the decreasing temperature.2. Effects of short-term high temperature stress on the development and fecundity of Ophraella communa LeSage (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae)The hatch rate of eggs, the survival of larve and pupa, the survival rate and the longevity and fecundity of adults decreased with the increasing temperature. After 35—47℃short-term stresses,the duration of egg, larva and pupa were also shortened.3. Effects of photoperiod and food stresses on the development and fecundity of Ophraella communa LeSage (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae)Under the same food condition, the survival of larve and pupa, the fucundity of adult and the hatching rate of F1 progeny of O. communa decreased with shortening illumination time, and the duration of larve, pupa and egg of F1 progeny of O. communa extented with shortening illumination time, but photoperiod had little effect on adult’s longevity and sex ratio. Under the same photoperiod condition, effects of food stress on the development and fecundity of O. communa were significant. However, photoperiod and food stresses only have coupling effects on fucundity of adult and the development of Fi progeny of O. communa.更多还原