互联网著作权行政法保护研究

【作者】 王苗苗；

【导师】 朱淑娣；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 宪法学与行政法学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 著作权的行政保护是我国著作权法上的一大特色。参与我国著作权法制订与修改的沈仁干先生曾经指出：“著作权行政管理机关有权处理侵犯著作权行为,可以说是我国著作权保护制度的一个特点”。立法者当初期望通过强有力的行政执法迅速建立起便捷高效的知识产权保护体制,所以在著作权法中明确规定了司法保护和行政保护的“双轨制”,对侵犯著作权的行为予以行政处罚,以希望加强对著作权的行政保护,实现在全社会迅速普及知识产权保护的法治观念。在法治时代,知识产权的行政保护本质上是知识产权的行政法保护问题,在中国广义理解知识产权的行政法保护,不仅包括立法机关的法律授权,也包括知识产权行政主体的各种行政行为,还包括人民法院对于知识产权行政主体实施的具体行政行为进行司法审查。1随着互联网2产业的迅速发展,传统的著作权保护机制也在网络环境下受到了严重挑战。互联网著作权行政法保护是指相关国家著作权行政管理机关在遵循法定程序的前提下,依法运用法定行政职权处理各种网络著作权纠纷和查处各种网络著作权违法行为、维护网络著作权市场秩序和提高网络著作权社会保护意识,从而有效保护网络著作权权利主体合法权利的一种法律保护方式。互联网著作权是否需要行政法保护,如果需要保护又如何进行保护是我们当前所面临的—大难题。本文通过对网络作品及网络著作权特点的分析,认为有进行互联网著作权行政法保护的合理性,在对网络著作权行政法保护做出法理界定与分析的基础上,对当前我国网络著作权行政法保护的现状与不足进行分析,提出完善我国网络著作权行政法保护的合理化建议。本文共分以下几个章节：“引言”通过对于网络著作权、行政保护等概念进行界定的基础上阐述了网络著作权的概念界定,并指出在现行制度层面网络著作权行政法保护存在的缺陷以及其对实践运作造成的弊端,由此引出了本文写作的学术意义及实践价值。“第一章”阐述了网络著作权行政法保护的多维度的理论依据及考量基准,证明该制度的存在有着坚实的理论背景的支持,具体包括：其一,人民主权理论要求对互联网著作权进行行政法保护；其二,法治理论要求著作权作为一项宪法权利理应受到保护；其三,利益平衡理论迫切要求政府采取各项举措以适应网络环境下著作权保护的新要求。考量基准包括行政法定,正当程序和行政效率,旨在为后文的制度分析提供立足点和衡量标准。“第二章”对网络著作权行政法保护进行了宏观背景分析,包括宪法依据和国际约束两部分。并且分析了宪法保护和国际法保护的局限性和行政法保护的构成要素和显著优势。“第三章”立足于互联网著作权行政法保护领域现行有关的中国法律法规,从行政立法、行政执法和行政救济三个纬度指出现行制度的缺陷。“第四章”针对制度缺陷,从网络著作权行政立法、行政执法和行政救济三个纬度提出了制度完善的具体建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The administrative protection of copyright is a characteristic of the Copyright Law in our country. Mr. Shen Rengan who participated in the formulation and revision of copyright law pointed out that, "The administrative authority has the right to handle the copyright infringement, and this is a remarkable characteristic of the copyright protection". Lawmakers are expected to build convenient and high efficient property right protective system through powerful administrative enforcement of law, thus, the "dual system" is formulated in the copyright law, and administrative sanctions are imposed to the copyright infringement activity, aiming to enhance administrative protection against copyright, realizing the law concept of prompt popularization of copyright protection. Administrative authority made great efforts to crack down piracy and prosecute infringement, with great achieves.With the fast development of internet, traditional protection system against the copyright faced critical challenges. Network copyright administrative protection is one way used by the copyright protection administrative authority, based on the legal procedures, using legal administrative power to handle with all kinds of copyright dispute and prosecute various network copyright infringement in order to maintain the market order of network copyright and enhance the social protective concept against network copyright, to ensure efficient protection against subject of network copyright. Whether the administrative protection is necessary for network copyright, and how to protect if needed is what one of the tough matters we are facing now. By means of the analysis of internet works and network copyright characteristic, based on legal and principle definition of network copyright, this thesis considers the rationality of protection against network copyright and analyzes current situation and shortcoming of administrative protection, coming up with reasonable proposals to complete the administrative protection against network copyright.This thesis is composed of the following chapters:The Introduction stated the conceptual definition of network copyright based on the definition of network copyright and administrative protection, proposing the shortcomings of current administrations of network copyright and the drawbacks for practical use, thus, drawing forth the academic and practical values of this thesis.The first chapter elaborated macroscopic background and theoretical basis of network copyright protection from multi aspect of view, proving the strong theoretical background support for the exist of this system, including: First, network popularization brings great challenges for the copyright protection, an urgent demand of administrative protection is needed; Second, in the time of right, copyright should be protected as a constitution right; Third, this is a time of Knowledge Economy Age, the importance of copyright protection shows, demanding worldwide government to take every measures to complete it to meet with the new demand of copyright protection in internet environment; Forth, great pressure of network copyright protection is brought in under the time of global economic integration, and this is another important international background for the building and development for the administrative protection system in our country.The second Chapter considered the nature of the Internet Copyright Administrative Protection from multiple perspectives. First, defined the meaning of the network copyright and Internet Copyright Administrative Protection from the aspect of theoretical definition; then, analyzed the characteristics and classifications of the Internet Copyright Administrative Protection; last, demonstrated the advantages of administrative protection of copyright.Based on the existing Chinese laws and regulations in the field of Internet Copyright Administrative Protection, the third Chapter tried to indicate the current system deficiencies from all aspects. The fourth chapter made specific comments about institution improvement from the perspective of the Internet Copyright Administrative legislation and enforcement.更多还原