韦伯对唯物史观的批判与唯物史观的当代性问题

【作者】 马碧霄；

【导师】 邹诗鹏；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 当我们今天谈论起马克思主义的时候,实际上指的是以马克思学说为核心的一整套理论体系。而在马克思的学说中,又以唯物史观为最基本的代表。要想真正做到对马克思主义的批判,就必须首先对唯物史观进行批判。在现代思想发展的历程中,马克斯·韦伯是一个对马克思提出了诸多重要批评的思想家,而这些批判正是建立在对唯物史观的批判之上。本文试图以《韦伯对唯物史观的批判与唯物史观的当代性问题》为主题,包括韦伯对唯物史观的批判、唯物史观的当代性问题两大部分。第一大部分主要阐述韦伯对马克思的唯物史观的整体批判。韦伯对马克思的批评是众多的,但同时也是分散的。因此本部分试图把韦伯这些分散的批评综合起来,从韦伯的学术立场即解释社会学出发,对马克思的学术立场即唯物史观提出批判。本部分可以细分为对经济基础问题的批判、对政治制度问题的批判、对意识形态问题的批判三部分,希望通过这种全面的视角展现韦伯对马克思整体的批判。第二大部分主要阐述唯物史观的当代性问题。韦伯对马克思及马克思主义的批判深刻影响了现当代的西方思想,其中既有马克思主义者、西方马克思主义者,也包括各种非马克思主义者和反对马克思主义者。也就是说,从思想史的意义上来看,韦伯对马克思唯物史观的批判本身就是一个非常值得研究的问题。本部分主要就是从这个角度展开讨论,分为韦伯与马克思的关系问题、韦伯的批判对唯物史观的影响、唯物史观的当代意义三个部分。更多还原

【Abstract】 When we talk about Marxist today, what we discuss actually is a series of theories which Marx’doctrine plays a key role in. And in this doctrine, materialist conception of history is the most important basic. If we really want to critique Marxism, the critique for the materialist conception of history must be chiefly. In the development of modern thought, Max Weber is a big thinker who ever critiqued Marx a lot which based on the critique of materialist conception of history. This master’s thesis’theme is’Max Weber’s critique and the contemporary importance of the materialist conception of history’, including two parts:Max Weber’s critique of the materialist conception of history, and the contemporary importance of the materialist conception of history.In the first part, we will preset Max Weber’s whole critique of the materialist conception of history. In fact, Weber’s critiques to Marx are numerous, but disperse. Thus we try to put them together, based on Weber’s interpretive sociology, do comprehensive critique to Marx’s materialist conception of history. In a more overall viewing angle, This part can be subdivided into three sections:the critique for the problem of economic base, the critique for the problem of political regime, the critique for the problem of ideology.In the second part, we are willing to discuss the contemporary importance of the materialist conception of history, especially after Weber. Actually, Weber’s critiques deeply affected modern thought, including Marxist, western Marxist, non-Marxist, and anti-Marxist. In other words, Weber’s critique to Marx’s materialist conception of history itself is also a important question which deserve to be studied. This discussion will be extended in this sense, contains three sections:the relationship between Weber and Marx, the influence of Weber’s critique of the materialist conception of history, and the contemporary meaning of the materialist conception of history.更多还原