自然主义和实用主义视角下的意向性

【作者】 姜涛；

【导师】 徐英瑾；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 外国哲学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 文章第一部分介绍了意向性的概念史、问题域及其研究意义,以铺垫丹尼尔·丹尼特意向姿态理论的背景,并比较了了意向性问题的两种研究进路(现象学的和分析哲学的),论述了它们的合法性和意义。第二部分具体介绍意向姿态理论的运作。第三部分探讨意向性和表征概念之间的关系,通过它们的相互说明获得更具体的理解,并从这一视角检视丹尼特的意向姿态理论,指出一个对丹尼特意向性观点的反驳可能。第四部分将实用主义传统中确立的一些思想原则,用于解读丹尼特的意向姿态理论,以期对实用主义传统如何渗入当代心灵哲学问题,获得一些具体的(虽然是局域化的)认知；并且初步探讨丹尼特的某些看似激进的意向性理论,在实用主义哲学背景中的(同上一部分的反驳处于不同层次的)合法性；最后引述和分析了新实用主义者理查·罗蒂对丹尼特的批评。第5部分将从我自己的立场出发做出对丹尼特理论的分别做出有限程度的辩护和反驳。更多还原

【Abstract】 The first part of this article includes a conceptual history of intentionality, the horizon of this issue, and the significance of the study of it. And this constructs the background of Daniel Dennett’s theory of the Intentional Stance. The second part explains how the intentional stance theory works in details. The third part analyses the relation between the concept of intentionality and representation, thereby achieves a deeper understanding of the very issue. A possible refutation of Dennett’s view on intentionality will also be introduced here. The fourth part is devoted to an interpretation of Dennett’s theory by appealing to some principles from Pragmatism. Thereby, we are expected to have some more specific understanding of the relationship between Pragmatism and contemporary philosophy of mind. Furthermore, I will discuss the legitimacy of Dennett’s theory in the context of pragmatism. At the end of this part, I will quote and analyze the neo-pragmatist Richard Rorty’s criticism of Dennett. The fifth part will defend and refute the theory of Dennett from my own point of view respectively to a certain degree.更多还原