规范行政自由裁量权的地方立法研究

【作者】 胡敏；

【导师】 潘伟杰；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 法律， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 行政自由裁量权既具有弥补法律在调整行政领域所产生缺陷的必要手段的正面意义；又因其具有灵活性,存在被滥用的反作用。要发挥其积极的一面,抑制其消极的一面,就必须实施法律控制,由于行政自由裁量权是一种“自由”权力,这种“自由”既处于法治框架之内,又超出法律条文之外,这就使得它有可能在法律规定的幅度内被滥用。行政自由裁量权的滥用是对行政法治的一个极大威胁,它违背了法律授权的目的和意愿,干扰和破坏了法律秩序,后果严重,危害性大,所以必须对其实施法律控制。本文从立法控制的角度,研究通过地方立法对行政自由裁量权实施规范和控制。立法规范行政自由裁量权属于从源头上进行控制,但是考虑到全国区域发展水平差异特别大,行政自由裁量权行使要考虑的因素非常多,所以从国家层面上,很难出台全国性的自由裁量规定,必须从地方立法入手,根据相关的法律、法规,结合当地的实际情况,出台规范当地的行政自由裁量权规定。本文的撰写从行政自由裁量权存在被滥用的危险入手,分析其产生的原因,结合国内各地及域外通过地方立法对行政自由裁量权的规范,采用文献研究、实证研究、比较研究等方法,以广东省汕头市立法规范行政处罚自由裁量权为例进行分析,进而对规范行政自由裁量权的地方立法进行系统研究,分析地方立法规范自由裁量权存在的问题,并提出解决问题的对策。全文主要分为三个部分：第一部分论述地方立法规范行政自由裁量权的必要性。第二部分介绍国内以及域外目前对规范行政自由裁量权立法规定的情况。国内以广州、宁波等城市为例,重点分析它们在规范行政自由裁量权立法方面的做法,进而分析地方立法规范行政自由裁量权规定的缺陷和成因。国外以美国、日本为例介绍立法规范行政自由裁量权的情况。第三部分用个案分析方法,以广东省汕头市地方立法规范行政处罚自由裁量权为例,分析评述在地方立法规范行政自由裁量权过程中,遭遇到各种问题的归纳、分析和解决。并进一步将研究的领域扩展到地方立法规范行政自由裁量权的普遍性问题方面,提出完善立法的新思路,对通过地方立法规范行政自由裁量权的做法提出自己的建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 With both administrative discretion in the adjustment of administrative areas to make up for the legal defects of the necessary means of positive significance; also because of its flexibility, there is the abuse of counter-productive.To play its positive side and to inhibit its negative side, we must control the implementation of the law, because of administrative discretion is a "free" power, this "free" only in the rule of law within the framework of the law and beyond the beyond, which makes it possible within the range prescribed by law to be abused.Abuse of administrative discretion is a serious threat to administrative law, it violates the purpose and legal authority will interfere with and undermine the legal order. With consequences of serious harm large, it is necessary to control its implementation of the law.From the perspective of legislative control, research through local legislation on the implementation of administrative discretion to regulate and control.Legislative norms of administrative discretion is controlled from the source, but taking into account national differences in levels of development particularly, the exercise of administrative discretion the factors to be considered very much, and therefore the national level, is difficult to introduce a national discretionaryprovides that local legislation must start, according to relevant laws, regulations, combined with local conditions, the introduction of standardized administrative discretion of local regulations.Writing this article the existence of administrative discretion from the risk of abuse, analyzing the causes, combined with extra-territorial around the country and through local legislation the norms of administrative discretion, the use of literature, empirical research, comparative research methods toShantou City, Guangdong Province legislative norms Discretion administrative penalty case analysis, and then standardize administrative discretion of the local legislation system, analysis of local legislation regulating the problems of discretion and proposed solutions to this problem.Full-text is divided into three parts:The first part discusses the local legislation regulating the need for administrative discretion.The second section describes the current domestic and extraterritorial rights legislation standardizing administrative regulations.China to Guangzhou, Ningbo and other cities, for example, focus on analysis of their administrative discretion in regulating the practice of legislation, and then analyzes the local legislative norms of administrative discretion and the cause of the defect.Foreign to the United States, Japan as an example of legislation regulating the situation of administrative discretion.Third, the case analysis, Guangdong Province, Shantou City, local legislation regulating the discretion of the administrative penalty as an example, comments in local legislation regulating the process of administrative discretion, summarized the various issues encountered, analysis and solution.And further expand the areas of research to local legislation regulating the universality of administrative discretion issues, propose new ideas for the improvement of legislation, through local legislation regulating the practice of administrative discretion its own proposals.更多还原