论我国司法鉴定意见认证规则之构建

【作者】 姚蕾；

【导师】 章武生；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 法律， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 司法鉴定意见在诉讼中的应用日益增多,其影响力也在不断增强,鉴定意见在帮助法官解决案件专门性问题的同时,也给法官带来了难题。本文以鉴定意见采信中存在的主要问题为出发点,结合诉讼法学和司法鉴定学的相关知识,联系我国国情,评析国外相关的鉴定证据认证规则,旨在构建出一套适合我国使用的司法鉴定意见认证规则,为立法作出一定得贡献。本文的第一章阐述了司法鉴定意见的理论基础,从鉴定意见的表述以及国内主要学说存在的问题出发,揭示了我国普遍存在的对鉴定意见的认识误区,并对鉴定意见的特性和证据属性进行了再分析。并分析了建立独立的鉴定意见认证规则的必要性,同时联系程序正义的内在要求,为如何建立鉴定意见认证规则指明了方向。本文第二章主要对两大法系相关国家的鉴定证据认证制度进行考察,在介绍国外相关制度的同时,对其进行分析评断,指出这些制度的优缺点,同时结合我国国情,分析这些制度引进到我国的可行性。本文的第三章主要概括归纳了我国司法鉴定意见认证的现状,从立法和司法两个角度分析我国相关制度的不足以及由这些不足引起的弊端。第四章是本文的重点,笔者在以上几章分析认证的基础上,针对我国国情鉴定意见认证中存在的主要问题,吸收和借鉴国外相关制度,提出了建立我国司法鉴定意见认证规则的构想。我国的司法鉴定意见认证规则主要分为鉴定意见证据能力的采纳规则和鉴定意见证明力的采信规则两部分,按照先判断鉴定意见证据能力再评断鉴定意见的证明力的步骤,对于如何选择适用鉴定意见提出了具体方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Expert opinion of Justice in the proceedings will be used increasingly, its influence is also growing, expert opinion to help judges resolve the case in the special issues, but also brings challenges to the judge. This opinion adopted to identify the main problems the letter as a starting point, combined with procedural law and knowledge of forensic science, contact our national conditions, analysis of foreign certification rules of evidence related to identification, to build a set for the judicial use of expert opinion in China certification rules, have contributed to make certain legislation.This paper describes the first chapter of the theoretical basis of forensic opinions, statements from the expert opinion of the major doctrines and domestic problems, this paper discloses the identification of the prevailing views of the misunderstanding, and the characteristics of expert opinion and evidence property a re-analysis. And analysis of expert opinion to establish an independent certification rules need to contact both the inherent requirements of procedural justice, expert opinion on how to establish certification rules for the direction. In the second chapter, the identification of the two legal systems related to national certification system to inspect the evidence, the introduction of foreign-related systems at the same time, analyze it judged that the advantages and disadvantages of these systems, combined with China’s national conditions, the introduction of these systems to China’s feasibility.This article summarizes the third chapter summarizes the views of certified forensic situation, both from the legislative and judicial point of view of the lack of relevant systems and the disadvantages caused by these deficiencies.The fourth chapter is the focus of this article, the author of several chapters in the above certification, based on expert opinion for the certification of China’s national conditions the main problems, related systems to absorb and learn from foreign countries, proposed the establishment of certification rules of judicial concept of expert opinion. China’s Judicial Authentication authentication rule consists of expert opinion evidence of ability to adopt rules and expert opinion from the probative force of the admissible rules of two parts, according to first determine expert opinion evidence of ability to judge expert opinion of the probative force of the steps on how to select the appropriate identification views put forward specific proposals更多还原