【作者】 李峰；

【导师】 邓红卫；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 安全管理工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 由于矿山的不合理开采和生产过程中对地下水环境灾害的不重视,造成了地下水资源的赋存状态遭到严重破坏,由此引发涌水、透水和水环境污染等事故,造成重大的人员、财产损失,也给环境带来极大的破坏。因此,加强对地下水环境的安全评价和防治技术、地下矿涌水疏干和污水处理技术的研究,解决好矿山地下水环境的安全、环保问题,从而保护矿山地下水环境,具有重要的意义。本文从矿山地下水环境评价、矿山地下水减灾防灾技术和矿山地下水资源污染防治三个方面展开研究。采取的手段包括涌水量的预测,水害防治的方法,地下水污染的防治与再利用以及应用地理信息系统对地下水资源进行评价。主要研究内容及成果如下：(1)采用GIS技术对地下水环境进行安全评价,分析了矿山开采过程中容易产生涌水的薄弱区域。(2)以望儿山金矿为工程实例,根据其工程特点和矿山地下水资源的分布和赋水特征,对矿坑内的涌水量进行了预测,并且根据不同的水文地质条件,研究了相应的涌水防治技术；对被淹矿井的恢复技术等情况下的矿山地下水环境安全防治技术进行了方案设计和研究。(3)针对望儿山金矿的涌水特点,研究并实施了地下矿涌水疏干技术及设计方案；针对岩溶矿山涌水疏干过程中,容易出现地面塌陷的情况,开展了塌陷注浆处断链减灾技术的研究。(4)针对矿山污水的来源和种类,及黄金矿山污水的特殊性,对望儿山金矿地下水的处理方法进行了探讨研究,认为可以采用自然生态系统处理系统的方法来完成矿山地下水污水处理方法的完善和补充。更多还原

【Abstract】 The improper mining exploration and little attention paid to the production processes impact on the current situation of groundwater resources, therefore leading to accidents with personal casualty, environmental contamination and property loss. Thus, the improvements on the safety assessment, prevention technology of groundwater environment, groundwater drainage and wastewater treatment are of great significance for protecting groundwater environment.Three aspects, groundwater environment assessment, groundwater disaster protection technology and wastewater treatment, were introduced to develop the topic. The approaches adopted include effluent water prediction, water hazards prevention, wastewater treatment and reuse and groundwater resources assessment applying Geographic Information System (GIS). The main achievements are as follows:(1)GIS is applied to the domain of safety assessment on groundwater environment and to analyze the readily weak and fragile zone in the process of mining production.(2) Wangershan Gold Mine is taken as one representative engineering example. The amount of water in gold mine was forecasted based on its engineering characteristics and distribution of water resources. The corresponding effluent water prevention technology was studied according to different hydrogeological conditions. At the same time, water environment safety control technology, such as the recovery technology of flooded mine, was researched and designed.(3) Depending upon the effluent characteristics of Wangershan Gold Mine, groundwater drainage technology and design approaches were carried out and implemented. As to the ground subsidence in the process of mining drainage, the study of chain-cutting disaster mitigation technology was researched at the spot of grouting.(4) Given that the source and type of wastewater of gold mine as well as its unique characteristics, specific wastewater methods were discussed and studied. Natural wastewater treatment approach could be used to supplement the conventional wastewater treatment methods.更多还原