齿轮动态传动误差高精度测试系统设计与分析

【作者】 李松；

【导师】 唐进元；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 传动误差测试是齿轮检测中十分重要的一项内容,精确测试传动误差对齿轮制造和齿轮动力学研究具有重大意义。本文采用NI的虚拟仪器理论,以高精度的光栅盘为传感器,采用同步定时采样模式,设计正弦脉冲零值增量计数插值法,构建一套高精度的齿轮传动误差测试系统。将小波理论和自适应滤波器结合起来,同时给出一种新的变步长方法,提出小波变换域自适应滤波器理论,并将其应用到传动误差测试中。尝试将盲源分离方法应用到传动误差分析中。给出从传动误差中计算齿轮制造误差的方法。最后对自行设计的齿轮试验箱进行了传动误差和振动的测试,同时对数据进行计算分析。全文主要研究内容如下：(1)分析现有传动误差及其测量装置与方法的不足,设计高精度动态传动误差测量系统。(2)对动态传递误差测试系统的各个部分进行研究,根据高性价比、实用性强和升级方便的要求对各个部分所需要用的设备进行选型,设计可更换齿轮的开式直齿轮试验箱；基于图形化编程语言LabVIEW对系统的软件进行设计,软件采用模块化设计,维护方便,人机界面良好。(3)研究一种小波变换域的新变步长自适应滤波器,给出其详细的推导过程和计算方法,并将其与传统的自适应滤波器进行比较,实验结果说明：此滤波器能过有效的滤除信号中的噪声,具有良好的实用效果。将盲源分离方法应用到传动误差信号分析中来,给出其详细的计算过程。(4)基于齿轮整体误差理论,给出从传动误差数据中计算齿轮制造误差的方法,并详细的叙述计算过程。设计仿真测试系统对计算方法作出仿真验证。(5)构建实际的测试系统,进行齿轮动态传动误差测量和齿轮箱振动测量。实验结果证明：设计与构建的动态传动误差测量系统能够精确的对齿轮传动误差和振动信号进行动态测量,为齿轮动力学研究和齿轮故障诊断提供依据；同时可以较为准确的得到齿轮的几项制造误差,信号处理方法实用、有效。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Gear transmission error is an important content of gear testing and measuring, and it is significant for gear manufacturing and gear dynamics analysis to measuring accurate transmission error. In this paper, a high-precision testing and measuring system of gear transmission error is constructed by using NI virtual instrument theory, the precision grating as sensors, with time synchronous sampling mode, and a zero incremental interpolation count method of sinusoidal pulse. A new kind of filter is introduced by combining wavelet transform domain and adaptive filter theory, at the same time, a new variable step method and applied. The blind source separation method is tried to apply in the analysis of transmission error. The method of gear manufacturing errors calculation from the transmission error is given. Finally, the transmission error and vibration is tested and measuring of a new designed gear-box, moreover the data is calculated.The main content in this paper is studied as following:(1) The previous measurement of the transmission error and results is summarized, as the deficiency a high-accuracy dynamic transmission error testing and measuring system is designed.(2) The various parts of the dynamic test system is studied, and the various parts of the equipment is selected based on the requirements of cost-effective, practical and easy to upgrade. A new open spur gear box which can change gear is designed. The system software which is easy to maintain and has good man-machine interface is modularly designed based on graphical programming language LabVIEW.(3) A new variable step adaptive filter in wavelet transform domain is designed, and the details of the derivation and calculation methods are given. Comparing with traditional adaptive filter, the experimental results show that the noise of the signal can be filtered effectively, since this filter with good practical results. The blind source separation method is applied to the analysis of the error data, and the details of the calculation process are given. (4) Based on the gear integral error theory, the method to calculate gear manufacturing errors from transmission error datas and detailed the description of the calculation process are given. Virtual simulation testing and measuring system is designed for proving the accuracy of calculation method.(5)Finally, a real testing and measuring system are brought and installed. Experiments to test and measure gear transmission error and vibration are achieved. Experiment datas determined that gear transmission error and vibration signal can be tested and measured in this system accurately, proof for the study of gear dynamics and fault diagnosis can be provided; at the same time, some types of gear manufacturing errors can be acquired accurately. In all, signal processing method is practical and effective.更多还原