【作者】 李丹；

【导师】 刘庆元； 刘晓平；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 测绘工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 土地整理工程是对土地资源和利用方式的重新组织和优化过程,是一项涉及多方面的复杂系统工程。随着土地整理在我国很多地区的全面展开,出现了许多新的急需研究和解决的问题,特别是政府投资土地整理项目管理工作,在坚持用规章制度管理项目的前提下,急切需要运用与时俱进的科学技术措施作为管理项目的辅助手段,加强提高管理工程项目的效率和科学化水平。本文研究内容包括土地整理项目中数据源的选取、图像预处理及信息提取与精度分析、DEM建模与土方量计算等。通过实际工程项目分析,认为3S技术完全可以满足土地整理项目中的需要。在对3S技术用于土地整理量化描述的过程中存在一些亟待解决的问题：(1)很多地区没有大比例尺地形图,如何利用高分辨率卫星影像进行几何校正；(2)原始数据的质量及内插方法是影响DEM精度的主要因素,但空间数据往往没有真值,如何获取真值,分析由原始数据和内插方法对DEM计算土方量的精度产生的影响；(3)利用地形图矢量化生成数字高程模型进行土方量的计算时,如何运用先进的科学技术进一步改善土地整理中土方量计算的精度。误差是空间数据的一个固有属性,它不能完全被消除,只能通过方法不断加以改进以提高空间数据的精度,因此,探讨几何校正、不同插值方法、原始数据以及不同来源的误差对数据精度的影响具有重要的意义。本文以长沙县春华镇等地土地整理项目为例介绍了遥感影像的几何校正方法和精度分析比较；采用实体建模分析了DEM表面建模精度影响因素；应用不同的GIS软件计算土方量的方法和步骤,并对计算结果进行了对比分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 Land consolidation is a re-distribution and re-optimization process on land resources and their utilization and also a very complicated systematic-engineering. Along with the nationwide implementation of land consolidation, many new scientific issues to be solved urgently have emerged, particularly, national invested land consolidation project management, with the precondition of managing project by institution, it also need advanced science and technology to manage project assistant to improving the efficiency of project management and scientific level.There are some impending problems on quantified description of land consolidation using "3S" technology:(1) In many regions where the big scale is absent, how to resolve the problem about the geometric correction of the high precision remote sensing image; (2)the original data and the interpolating method are the two main factors that affect the precision of DEM, the problem is how to obtain the true value and to analyze the effect of the original data and interpolating method on the precision of earthwork; (3)when calculating the earthwork through DEM that are constructed by vectoring the relief map, how to improve the accuracy of the earthwork by advanced technology. Since the error is the inherent attribute of the spatial data, it can’t be completely eliminate but to improve the data accuracy step by step. Therefore, it it of important significance to discuss the effect of different interpolating method, how to obtain the original data, and the sources of errors on the precision of data.In this paper the author take the Chunhua town in Changsha City for example introduces remote sensing image geometric correction method and accuracy analysis and comparison; Using the entity modeling analysis DEM surface modeling accuracy image factor; Application of different GIS software calculation methods and steps of the account of earthwork quantity of, and the calculated results and analysis.更多还原