【作者】 杨梅；

【导师】 袁军；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 应用心理学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 自上世纪五十年代起,心理学关于生活适应的理论探讨就不断丰富与深入,许多应用研究也取得显著成果并服务于社会,但是关于小学生生活适应的研究还比较匮乏,因此本研究针对小学生情绪智力、父母教养方式与生活适应的关系进行探讨,对提高小学生情绪智力,倡导正确的父母教养方式,促使小学生更好地适应生活,具有重要意义。本研究选取安徽、福建和台湾三个地区,18所小学五、六年级共857名学生作为被试,采用问卷调查法收集了小学生情绪智力、父母教养方式、生活适应的相关数据。测试结果采用SPSS13.0和HLM6.08统计软件,分析了情绪智力、父母教养方式和生活适应之间的关系,探究了学校、家庭因素如何影响小学生情绪智力及其生活适应。本论文包括六部分：一、文献综述；二、研究问题；三、研究方法；四、研究结果；五、讨论；六、总结。本研究获得的主要结果如下：1、小学生生活适应水平总体良好,其中家庭适应水平最高,其次是同伴适应,学校适应与个人适应水平相对较差些。2、小学生生活适应水平存在性别、城乡和学校的显著性差异,具体表现为：女生生活适应水平总体上高于男生,城市小学生生活适应水平高于乡镇；不同学校的小学生其生活适应水平也出现显著差异。但是小学生生活适应水平不存在显著的年级、地区差异。3、小学生生活适应、情绪智力都因父母教养方式的不同而存在显著差异；而生活适应与情绪智力、父母教养方式存在显著的正相关。4、回归分析表明,情绪智力、父母教养方式对小学生生活适应有显著的预测作用。5、多层线性模型分析结果表明,不同学校小学生的生活适应存在显著的学校差异,同时情绪智力、父母教养方式对生活适应的影响也都存在显著的学校差异；作为学校变量的地区差异、学校规模、城乡差异对小学生生活适应的学校均值差异没有显著的预测作用,表明还有一些学校变量需要纳入到模型中做进一步分析。但是学校地区差异、城乡差异却对生活适应与情绪智力、父母教养方式的关系具有显著的预测作用；地区差异显著加强了情绪智力、父亲教养方式与生活适应的关系强度,城乡差异对小学生生活适应总分与情绪智力、父亲教养方式的关系影响不显著,但是却加强了小学生情绪智力、母亲教养方式对个体适应的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the fifties of last century, the theory of life adjustment had been discussed deeply and widely in psychology, at the same time, many applied researches get great achievements and service the public. But there is lack of researches about elementary school students’ life adjustment, so in this paper, we will probe into the relationship between elementary school students’ emotional intelligence, parenting style and life adjustment, It is significant to improve emotional intelligence, to advocate right parenting style and to promote elementary students’ life adjustment.In this study, participants were from three areas:Anhui, Fujian and Taiwan, a total of 18 elementary schools and 857 members. The datas of emotional intelligence, parenting style and life adjustment were collected by the way of questionnaire survey.We used SPSS 13.0 and HLM6.08 software to analyse the relationship between elementary school students’ emotional intelligence, parenting style and life adjustment, then explained how the factors of school and family affect emotional intelligence and life adjustment. This paper included six parts:literature review, research question, research method, research results, discuss and conclusion.Results: 1, Elementary school students’ life adjustment were generally in a good level, especially family adjustment is the best, peer adjustment is in the second place; school adjustment and individual adjustment is the worst.2, Elementary school students’ life adjustment has significant differences in gender, city and countryside and different schools. Specifically, girls’ life adjustment is generally better than boys’; the students who live in city have better life adjustment than those who lives in countryside. However, we don’t find significant grade and area differences in this paper.3, Various parenting styles make students’ life adjustment and emotional intelligence have significant differences; Meanwhile, life adjustment has high-positive correlation with emotional intelligence and parenting style.4, Regression analysis shows that emotional intelligence and parenting style have a significant role in prediction on life adjustment.5, The result of HLM analysis shows elementary school students’ life adjustment has significant school differences, and the impact of emotional intelligence and parenting style on life adjustment appears significant school differences.As the school variables, area difference, school size and city and countryside difference couldn’t predict the school mean difference. It indicates that some other school variables should be brought into model and do further analyse.However, area difference and city and countryside difference could obviously predict the relationship between life adjustment and emotional intelligence, parenting style. Specifically, area difference strengthens the association between emotional intelligence, father’s parenting style and life adjustment; although, city and countryside difference doesn’t strengthen the association between emotional intelligence, father’s parenting style and life adjustment, it strengthens the association between emotional intelligence, mother’s parenting style and individual adjustment.更多还原