【作者】 王军；

【导师】 张应林；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 幽默话语诙谐,有趣,折射出人们的智慧和人生态度。长时间以来,不同的学者从不同的领域对幽默做了大量的研究。这些研究大都集中探讨“幽默的本质是什么”。然而,近年来,随着语言学理论的兴起、发展和壮大,尤其是语用学的逐渐成熟,我们今天对幽默的研究有了更宽的视野和更新的角度。赵本山的小品具有浓厚的乡土气息,语言风趣幽默,特点鲜明。但是目前对赵本山小品的研究仅仅停留在对其语言风格的分析和评述上面,而较少运用语言学的理论。本文试图以Sperber和Wilson提出的关联理论为框架,对赵本山小品中的幽默语言进行分析研究。按照关联理论,寻求最佳关联的理解包括对言语幽默的处理和幽默效果的获得。由于在言语幽默中最大关联与最佳关联分别指向不同的交际意义,因此可以说,言语幽默来自于最大关联与最佳关联之间的意义反差。在言语幽默中,幽默发出者为了达到特殊的幽默效果,总是会使用一定的幽默策略,然后运用相应的语言手段使幽默理解者获得全面的认知愉悦效果。运用这一基本概念,本文首先从词源学的角度解释了幽默一词的发展历史,介绍了语言学和语用学在幽默研究中的理论成果。指出关联理论在幽默研究方面受到了突出重视。其次,本文介绍了关联理论的主要观点,包括关联的定义,语境的概念,关联原则以及关联理论框架下的言语理解过程。最后笔者阐述了关联理论与幽默之间的关系。然后,本文以赵本山小品中的幽默语言为语料,运用关联理论的观点从两个方面具体分析了赵本山小品中言语幽默的幽默策略。笔者认为,改变听话者的认知环境是幽默效果产生的策略之一,将隐含的话语解释转化成最佳关联解释是幽默产生的另一策略。在语料分析的基础上,笔者总结了赵本山在实现这些策略时运用的语言手段。通过对赵本山小品中经典幽默语言的分析,笔者发现关联理论在解读赵本山小品的言语幽默方面具有很强的适用性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Humor is laughable and amusing. It reflects the wisdom and attitudes towards life. It has been studied by many scholars for a long time and many different subjects have made their contributions from different aspects. Yet, most of the studies have focused on "what is the essence of humor". In recent years, with the emergence, development and prosperity of linguistic theories, especially pragmatics, we have a wider horizon and a newer perspective in humor studies. Zhao Benshan’s sketches are filled with strong local flavor and carry humorous linguistic styles and distinct linguistic features. However, present studies have not arrived at a certain theoretical height except some comments on their linguistic features. This thesis attempts to analyze the humorous language from Zhao Benshan’s sketches in the framework of relevance theory developed by Sperber and Wilson (1986/1995).According to relevance theory, a mental search for an optimally relevant interpretation covers the processing of verbal humor and the derivation of humorous effects. When the hearer’s expectation of maximal relevance is extremely different from, or incongruous with the speaker’s actual utterance of optimal relevance, humorous effects occur. In humorous communication, in order to achieve special humorous effects, humorists tend to employ certain humor strategies and then enable the hearers to obtain global cognitive effects by means of corresponding linguistic realization of such strategies.By applying the basic concept in the framework of relevance theory, the thesis firstexplains the development of the meaning of the word "humor"from the aspect of etymology then introduces the achievements in humor research from linguistics and pragmatic aspects. Next, the thesis introduces some key notions of relevance theory and analyses the general interpretation of verbal humor from the perspective of relevance theory. Finally, the thesis, based on the analysis of the humorous languages in Zhao Benshan’s sketches, analyzes the humor strategies that Zhao Benshan uses in his sketches in the framework of relevance theory from the following aspects:first, changing the hearer’s cognitive context is one strategy to bring about humor effects. Second, transforming the covert interpretation into optimal relevant interpretation is another strategy to interpret the realization of humor effects. Furthermore, the author summaries the linguistic realization of such strategies respectively.Through the analysis of the classic humorous language in Zhao Benshan’s sketches, the author comes to the conclusion that relevance theory is well suited to interpreting the humorous language in Zhao Benshan’s sketches.更多还原