【作者】 晁建伟；

【导师】 勾攀峰；

【作者基本信息】 河南理工大学 ， 采矿工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 断层破坏了岩层的连续性和完整性;导致断层附近岩石破碎、强度低、力学性质比较复杂,易发生冒顶事故。回采巷道过断层的常用方案为:①断层前起坡挑顶穿越断层;②直接穿越断层后再挑顶起坡至上盘煤层。本文以在这两种方案下过逆断层下盘回采巷道为研究对象,通过相似材料模拟试验,分析研究了巷道各点超前应力峰值点分布规律及巷道顶板破坏特点,表明在回采巷道过断层过程中在断层上盘和下盘都存在一个最大应力破坏点;且暗示出巷道顶板的破坏是由三个应力载荷共同作用的结果,即:一是原始应力场中水平应力因巷道开挖而重新分布后对顶板形成的载荷;二是垂直应力重新分布后形成两侧应力集中区,三是断层面受上盘挤压而形成的垂直断层面的侧向应力的分力。然后通过理论分析建立了过断层时最大应力破坏点理论公式和巷道顶板移近量理论公式。又采用三维数值模拟技术,应用FLAC3D有限数值差分程序分析了这两种不同方案下掘进回采巷道上覆岩层超前应力、位移、塑性区的分布特征,并对这两种方案模拟结果进行对比研究,对相似模拟试验得出的规律进行了定性验证。最后,结合陈四楼矿上的生产实际情况,应用提出的理论公式提出方案,并对支护方案进行现场观测,达到了预期的效果,可为其它相似条件下回采巷道的支护提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Fault destroys the continuity and integrity of rock stratum which leads to the cracked rock with low and complicated stress character. And this induces the flaking easily. There are often two projects when the gateway cuts through the fanlt. The first project is to reach the hanging coal seam before or during cutting through the fault with along a certain obliquity. The second is to dig up to the hanging coal seam after crossing the fault directly. The gateway under the two projects has been taken as research object in this paper. The advance peak stress distributing and the broken characteristic of the roof is analysed by the similarity analogue test. The breakage phenomena indicates that there are the maximal stress destruction point in the hanging wall and the footwall when passing though the fault.The destruction of gateway roof is a result which affects together by three stresses loads. The first stress load is caused by the redistribution of the horizontal stress after the gateway is excavated.The second sress load is caused by the redistribution of the two laterals stress assemble region.after the vertical stress redistributed.The third is the detached stress of the vertical fault face which is formed by extrusion of the hanging wall.On the base of the theoretical analysis,it made a theoretical formula about the maximal stress destroys point and a theoretical formula about the roof convergence which using to cut through the fault.The distributions of advance stress displacement and Plastic zone in the surrounding rock about gateway cutting through fault under two different ways have been analyzed by using of a three-dimensional finite-difference FLAC3D program. And the resuts of two ways have been compared with each other. So the law of the similarity analogue test have been approved by it.At last a project have been put up on the base of the theoretical formula and the productive practice in chensilou mine. The field observation of the way has been done. The results are satisfied.It can be used as a reference to other gateways in the similar conditions.更多还原