【作者】 陈娟；

【导师】 刘亚猛；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 从西方修辞学的角度来说,美国总统是一个通过修辞策略的运用而构筑起来的符号,而这一符号本身在不同修辞语境内的利用最大程度地提高了所涉话语的效果,极大地影响了受众的认同。总统职位本身,这个普通人并不具备的权威,是总统话语所能产生的力量和效果的倍增器。国内学术界已从政治和跨文化交际角度就美国总统和总统政治进行了积极有效的研究。然而基于学科差异,西方修辞角度在该课题领域的应用寥寥无几,对这一事关重大的职务和人物的分析因而也尚未上升至其本质特征——修辞性。这是本研究之外在导因。修辞人格与权威的互动在很大程度上决定话语效果。如何从这个角度探讨美国总统这一修辞符号的权力生成机制,并相应地制定我国的应对策略以提升我国的话语权及话语效果,是我们从事本研究的内在动力。本文从西方修辞的角度,集合古典修辞和现代修辞中与权威、修辞人格相关理论,运用各类研究方法,来破解美国总统(以比尔.克林顿为典型)这一人物的实质特征。本文的结论是：修辞人格的构筑成功与否在很大程度上既依赖又受制于相应的权威；我们与美国总统的沟通策略不应受其刻意投射出的修辞人格的影响,相反,我们需要认清这种投射背后的根本目的,制定稳健而更有效力的应对策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 The understanding of the American president can be diverse from the perspectives of different disciplines among which Western Rhetoric tends to interpret this figure as a symbol built on rhetorical strategies. The various images showed in various rhetorical situations are aimed for the maximum discourse effect for audience’s identification. The presidency--- the kind of authority equipped with only by the president acts a force multiplier for presidential discourse, which greatly facilitates the projection of president’s ethos under that specific situation even before the discourse.Much positive and effective discussion and research work, from either a political or a cross-cultural perspective, have been conducted by domestic academia on the American president and presidential politics. However, due to the disciplinary difference, few studies have been carried out from the perspective of Western Rhetoric. Neither has the essence of the figure--- the rhetoricality been studied, for which the researches still lack the basic standpoint. That is the external factor that gives rise to this study. Rhetoric is power; rhetoric distributes power; the interaction between ethos and authority to a great extent determines the discourse effect. While the internal factor of the study lies in how to reconstruct the figure---American president by understanding their discourse and accordingly establish our countermeasures to strengthen our discourse power and discourse effect.From the perspective of Western Rhetoric, this paper will appeal to the theories on ethos and authority from the Classical Rhetoric and Modern Rhetoric, adopt as its methodology a combination of descriptive, inductive, and diachronic/synchronic approaches to analyze the fundamental characteristics of American president(by taking Bill Clinton as a typical example). The conclusion of the thesis is that, the projection of ethos relies on and subjects to the relevant authority; our strategies of dealing with them should not be influenced by the divergent ethos projected deliberately; instead, we are supposed to identify the motives of specific projection and accordingly, set up more effective countermeasures.更多还原