【作者】 张芙蓉；

【导师】 徐凌忠；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 社会医学与卫生事业管理， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 一、研究背景2003年非典之后,党中央、国务院更加重视和关注疾病预防控制体系的建设工作,提出了争取用3年左右的时间建设疾病预防控制体系的要求,而实验室设备装备和检验能力建设不仅是疾控体系建设的重要组成部分,还是疾控机构科学规范化开展职能工作的能力基础,更是处置各类突发公共卫生事件的重要技术支撑。为全面了解聊城市疾病控制机构卫生检验资源配置现状与检验能力,制定聊城市疾控机构实验室设备装备和检验能力建设规划,提高检验服务能力和技术水平,聊城市疾病预防控制中心于2009年6月开展了全市范围内的疾控机构卫生检验资源配置现状与检验能力的调研。二、研究目的本研究从单位基本情况、经费保障、基础设施建设、人力资源配置、仪器设备装备、检验能力等方面对聊城市疾控体系建设现状进行综合分析。三、研究方法根据卫生部制订的地、县级疾病预防控制机构设备装备标准和应具备的检验能力要求制订调查问卷,并讨论修改；对聊城市9个疾病预防控制机构现状采用描述性研究方法；设备装备水平和检验能力评价是根据《疾病预防控制机构建设指导意见》中提出的专业设备装备标准和检验能力要求进行分析。对调查员进行培训,统一调查口径,统一填表方法；在资料收集过程中,由聊城市疾病预防控制中心派专人负责现场指导,对有疑问的数据进行核实,对调查表进行整理后由专人录入,建立Excel数据库,并进行逻辑校对和数据分析。四、研究结果通过对收集的调查问卷进行分析,得出如下结论：1、卫生检验资源配置情况聊城市疾控机构人员特别是检验人员的整体业务素质不高,突出表现为：一线专业技术人员相对不足,尤其检验人员不足,行政后勤等非专业人员相对过多。目前聊城市区县级疾病预防控制机构现有在职职工830名,其中专业技术人员629名,占总职工人数的75.78%,实验室检验人员共101名,占12.17%。检验人员年龄结构不合理,学历层次偏低,低职称人员相对较多。2、实验室设备装备与检验能力情况参照《省、地、县级疾病预防控制中心实验室建设指导意见》中疾控机构实验室建设标准,聊城市市、县两级机构均存在较大差距。市级疾控机构A类、B类、C类仪器的拥有率分别为59.65%、8.33%和17.24%,区县级的拥有率分别为43.59-66.67%、2.08%-16.67%和3.70%-22.22%。从检验能力上讲,：聊城市疾控中心A、B类检验项目的开展率分别为49.12%和23.31%；区县级A、B类检验项目的开展率分别为27.97%-83.90%和4.92%-37.70%,两级疾控机构检测能力均明显不足。五、结论目前聊城市疾病预防控制体系人力、设备、检验能力等仍然存在严重不足,与国家《省、地、县级疾病预防控制中心实验室建设指导意见》及《疾病预防控制工作绩效评估标准》对仪器设备及检验能力的要求仍有较大差距,聊城市疾病预防控制体系建设,特别是实验室建设依然任重道远。六、对策及建议1、加强政府财政对公共卫生工作的投入,优化卫生资源分配2、改革劳动人事制度,吸引和稳定高素质人才3、调整知识结构,提高人员素质4、细化检验能力标准与仪器设备配备标准更多还原

【Abstract】 Background The Party central Committee and State Council have payed more attention to the system construction of public health since the SARS in 2003, and a new goal was set to establish the system of disease control and prevention within three years. As a part of the system, the laboratory equipment and inspection ability is the base for CDC running and provide technical support for the disposal of public health emergency. This study aims to evaluate the hygiene inspection resource allocation situation and inspection ability of the CDCs in Liaocheng, which is a part of a research project launched by Shandong Ministry of health started from June 2009.The basic information, financial situation, infrastructure construction, human resources, the laboratory equipment and inspection ability are analysised to find out the problems and the corresponding suggestions are put forward.Method A census questionnaire and descriptive epidemiology method are used in this study.Result1、.human resources:The quantity of the technical personnel is insufficient, especially the inspection personnel, and the quantity of the administrative personnel is redundancy instead. The personnel structure is unsuited and the education background of the technical personnel si relatively low.2、.laboratory equipment and inspection ability:The difference between city and county CDCs is significant. The owning rate of class A, B and C instruments is 59.65%,8.33%,17.24% in city CDC respectively, the rate is 43.59%-66.67%, 2.08%-16.67%,3.70%-22.22% in county CDCs. The rate of group A and group B tese items that carried out in city CDC is 49.12% and 23.31% in city CDC respectively, and the rate in county CDCs is 27.97%-83.90% and 4.92%-37.70%. Conclusion The system of disease control and prevention in Liaocheng can not meet the requirements issued by Ministry of Health on the financial situation, human resources, laboratory equipment and inspection ability. There is still a long way to go for the public health system construction, especially on laboratory construction.Solutions and suggestions 1. Increase the financial input for public health, optimize hygiene resource allocation. 2. Promote the personnel system reform, high quality professionals should be payed more attention to.3. The quality of the staff should be improved. 4. The standard should be detailed on the inspection ability and the instrument equipment.更多还原