【作者】 张华；

【导师】 张少雄；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 船舶与海洋结构物设计制造， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 IACS CSR(共同结构规范)油船规范的生效,使得于2006年4月1日及以后签订建造合同的,且船长150m及以上的散装货油的双壳油船必须满足CSR要求,所有的船型需要按照CSR的要求进行船型的改造、升级。这是IACS有史以来在全球范围内第一次统一船舶建造标准。而且共同规范的实施,结束了世界各大船级社在规范条款上各自为政的局面,意味着整个造船技术标准将更新换代。同时与各船级社的原规范相比较,为了满足航运业对更高质量船舶的要求,并达到保证海上安全,防止污染,保护海洋环境的目的,共同规范的安全标准要更加严格。船体结构强度是研究船体结构安全性的科学。随着近几年国内外设计计算方法的迅猛发展,有限元方法在船体结构计算中已得到十分广泛的应用。不但可以分析计算结构形式较为简单的船体横向结构强度,而且已经可以采用建立整船结构有限元模型,用整船结构有限元分析的方法来解决船体结构的总纵强度问题。可以看出这种方法把船舶结构力学、有限元方法和计算机技术有机地结合起来,业已成为现代船舶结构设计验证技术中的有力手段。它不仅仅可以解决垂向弯矩作用下的船体强度问题,而且还可以解决由于水平弯矩作用下和斜浪引起的扭矩的强度问题。本文通过以一条典型油船为例,同时以CCS“油船结构强度直接计算分析指南”和CSR规范为计算依据,通过全面研究JTP规范的编写理念及其所采用的计算方法、过程和基本假定,利用MSC/Patran、MSC/Nastran软件对船舶舱段有限元模型进行应力分析,并对计算结果进行研究和探讨。在船舶结构强度直接计算中,不同的有限元模型范围、不同的建模尺寸、不同的载荷计算原理、不同的边界条件处理方法、不同的载荷工况组合方式,对计算得到的结果都有很大的影响,而且导致所需要校核的应力成分及强度标准都不相同。在经过分析验证后：JTP规范相较于CCS计算指南,它的强度直接计算相关规定要更加全面、详细和严格,所计算的结果更具有安全可靠性,但仍需进一步完善。更多还原

【Abstract】 IACS CSR (Common Structural Rules), oil tankers regulates, entry into force, making double-hull bulk oil tankers which the length of captain is 150m and above made after the April 1,2006 must meet CSR requirements, and all of the ship type shall be in accordance ship requirements of CSR transformation and upgrading.IACS unified the shipbuilding standard worldwide the first time on the naissance of classification societies. Common Structural Rules’s establishment finish the complexion of many different criterions, which means that all the shipbuilding technology standards will be upgraded. In order to meet the higher quality of ships for the shipping industry and ensure safety, prevent pollution, and protect the Marin environment, CSR’safety criterion must be more strictly.Hull structure strength is the science that researches hull structure security. With the rapid development of design calculation method in recent years at home and abroad, FEM in the calculation of hull structure has been widely used. Not only can FEM analyze hull transversal structure strength which has simple structure, but also it can solve the longitudinal strength of hull structure with FEM of establishing the whole ship structure. This method makes ship structure mechanics, FEM and computer technology combine together, and it has been a powerful means in modern marine structure design techniques. FEM not only can solve hull strength caused by the vertical bending moment, but also can solve torsion strength due to the horizontal bending moment and oblique waves. In order to comparatively analyze the rules, this thesis adopts two methods required by CSR Rules and China Classification Society’s Guide respectively, and then takes a typical oil tanker as an example to analyze and research by MSC/Patra、MSC/Nastran. During the direct FEM calculations of ship structure, there is very great effect on the calculation results because of different finite element models, different modeling sizes,different load calculation principles, different boundary conditions handlings,different load case combinations, which lead to different stress components and strength standards. The last conclusion is that: JTP rules which are lauched by IACS is helpful to analyze the ship’s structural strength comprehensively and rationally, so as to ensure the safety of ship structure.更多还原