【作者】 刘宇；

【导师】 黄莉萍；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 民商法， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 作为民事责任形态之一,补充责任在担保法及合伙企业法中可见规定,但将其引入侵权责任法,作为侵权责任形态,则是我国新近《侵权责任法》的一大特色。所谓侵权补充责任是指：因第三人侵权导致损害结果发生的,先由第三人承担赔偿责任；当第三人不能赔偿或赔偿不足时,由违反安全保障义务的主体承担无限补充责任,并可向第三人有限追偿的侵权责任形态。由此可见,这是一种与传统共同侵权责任中连带责任、按份责任、不真正连带责任相区别而独立存在的侵权责任形态。它的出现,一方面顺应了市场经济迅猛发展对法制更进的基本要求,另一方面更好的满足了受害人的赔偿请求。然而对于这种新的侵权责任形态,我国《侵权责任法》第三十七条第二款的规定并不明确,尤其在承责规则上尚需斟酌；学理上也未从法理学及传统侵权责任法的基本原理上予以积极回应,从而导致司法实践的混乱。因此,本文拟以第三人侵权时补充责任的承担为视角,在分析我国侵权补充责任制度的立法及司法缺陷的基础上,结合并借鉴国外相关问题的处理办法,将经营者所承担的补充责任定性后,进行量化的分析和具体承责规则的构建。本文共分为四个部分。第一部分,从理论层面对我国侵权补充责任制度体系进行梳理,包括侵权补充责任的含义、法律特征、构成要件、分类及经营者承担侵权补充责任的法理依据；第二部分,在介绍我国关于侵权补充责任立法及相关司法解释的基础上,结合传统侵权责任法的基本原理,综合分析我国相关立法的制度困境；第三部分,梳理国外的相关立法并进行比较分析,寻求并借鉴国外先进立法,以期完善我国侵权补充责任制度体系；第四部分,明晰侵权补充责任的定性,并从赔偿顺序、赔偿范围及追偿权三方面重构我国侵权补充责任的承责规则体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 As one of the civil responsibilities, the supplementary liability can be seen in the Security Law and the provisions of the Partnership Enterprise Law. When the supplementary liability has been broght into the Tort Liability law, as a tort responsibility, it has been a major feature in China’s recent Tort Liability Law. The so-called tort liability is means:when the damage is caused by the results of the third party’s infringement act, the third party should be respongsible for the supplementary; while if the third party can not pay or can’t afford, the security obligor should be respongsible for the supplementary if he has faults when the security creditor is damaged in third tort, and then he could get a limited recovery from the third party. Therefore, this is a tort liability which is not really independent on traditional joint responsibility, several liability or non-essential Joint and Several Liability in the tort liability form.Its appearance, on the one hand it adjusts to the the rapid development of market economy and conforms to the legal system closer to the basic requirements, on the other hand to better meet the claims of victims. However, the thirty-seventh provision in Tort Liability Law didn’t give a clear regulation to this new form of tort liability, especially the rules to bear the responsibility still need to be considered; and the academic dose also not make a positive response to the basic principle. These all lead to a confusion in judicial practice. Therefore, this article is from the perspective of the analysis of the tort liability system, complement the legislative and judicial defects, and after analyzing the quantitative, this article will devise specific rules for the construction of bearing responsibility, making the system based on social cost savings and better protective role.This article is divided into four parts. The first part, from the theoretical level of our system of tort liability system added to sort out the meaning of additional responsibilities, including infringement, legal characteristics, components, classification and operators bearing the added responsibility of the legal basis for the infringement; the second part, the introduction of tort additional liability legislation and relevant judicial interpretations, based on the combination of traditional basic principles of tort law, a comprehensive analysis system for the plight of the relevant legislation; the third part, combing foreign and comparative analysis of relevant legislation, to seek and learn from foreign advanced advanced legislative to improve the system of tort liability system added; fourth part of the specific commitments clear responsibility for tort liability rules supplement, based on the correct complement of tort liability system.更多还原