人格权请求权和侵权请求权关系初探

【作者】 彭伟；

【导师】 张平华；

【作者基本信息】 烟台大学 ， 民商法学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 从现代民法的发展趋势看来,人格权制度在民法中具有重要地位和广阔的发展前景。然而传统的侵权责任的保护方式对人格权的救济是单一的、不完善的,引发了绝对权请求权和侵权请求权关系的争论,形成了三种不同的学说。本文拟就人格权请求权和侵权请求权的关系进行深入的探讨,为完善我国的人格权救济体系提出相关的建议。全文共四章。第一章,对人格权请求权和侵权请求权的关系进行了立法考察和学说考察。通过对大陆法系和英美法系中两种请求权的考察与我国《民法通则》的相关规定进行比较,发现我国对人格权的救济是不完善的,引出了对两者关系的争论,为后文分析两者的区别做了有益的铺垫。第二章,通过对分别独立模式下的人格权请求权和侵权请求权具体内容的分析,得出了两者的区别。人格权请求权包括预防妨害请求权和排除妨害请求权;侵权请求权主要的定位是救济权,因此,侵权请求权的主要内容包括损害赔偿、恢复名誉、消除影响和赔礼道歉。第三章,在对权利进行救济的时侯,存在的两种请求权必然会产生广义上的请求权竞合的问题。在请求权竞合时,如何确定诉讼标的也是应该解决的问题。在权利的保护和提高诉讼效率方面寻求一个平衡点是解决这个问题的关键,将诉的声明作为诉讼标的是一条合理的路径。第四章,确立人格权请求权是我国人格权立法的一个必然选择,人格权保护的立法模式应该借鉴《瑞士民法典》的做法,在人格权编规定人格权请求权,在侵权法编规定侵权请求权的相关内容。更多还原

【Abstract】 From the development trend of the modern civil law, the personality right system has an important position and broad prospects for development in the civil law.Within traditional tort liability, however, the protection of the right of way of personality relief is a single, imperfect, triggering a debate over the relationship between the claim of absolute right and the tort claim of the personality right, forming three different doctrines.This paper is a depth discussion on the relationship between the claim of absolute right and the tort claim of the personality right, and includes some relevant recommendations to improve our country’s personality relief system.The paper includes four chapters.ChapterⅠ, Illustrates the legislative and theoretical study for the relationship between the claim of the personality right and the tort claim of the personality right. Through the comparison between the relevant regulations in General Principles of the Civil Law and the review of the two different claim rights in the Continental Legal System and Anglo-American Legal System, the author found that the relief for the personality right in our country is imperfect, raising an argument on the relationship of them, in order to make a good foreshadowing for the following analyzes.ChapterⅡ, the author obtained the difference, with the analysis for the details of the claim of the personality right and the tort claim of the personality in an independent mode, respectively. The claim of the personality right includes the claim of prevent prejudice”; the primary positioning of the tort claim of the personality right is the relief right. Therefore, the main elements of the tort claim of the personality right, including damages compensation, rehabilitation and removing the impact and an apology.ChapterⅢ, in the right time for relief, the two kinds of the claim of the personality will definitely produce competing issues. To seek a balance is the key to solve this problem in the aspects of the protection of rights and the efficiency of the proceedings. It is a reasonable path that to act the announcement of proceedings into the subject matter of ligigation.Chapter IV, to establish is a necessary choice for the legislation of our personality. The Legislative Model of Personality right should refer to the Swedish Civil Code, to claim the claim of the personality right in the personality right, to claim the tort claim of the personality right in the tort right.更多还原