基于GIS的人口信息管理系统研究

【作者】 李宏伟；

【导师】 刘小生； 李金泉；

【作者基本信息】 江西理工大学 ， 项目管理， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 人口信息是一种典型的统计信息,除了本身的自然属性、社会经济和文化特征外,还具有空间特征。而实际上人口也都是按地理空间分布的,人口数据具有明显的时空特点,传统的以实地调查、统计分析、人口地图等定性分析多、定量分析少的方法,缺少真正意义上的人口信息与空间信息的集成,已越来越不符合现实的需要。地理信息系统作为空间信息管理和应用的高效工具,以其强大的空间分析和可视化功能在人口分析中备受青睐,因此建立基于GIS的人口信息管理系统,对人口信息资源进行充分开发与应用,对于加强社会管理,实现社会信息化起到积极的推动作用,从而能够有效地实现信息共享和综合利用。本文首先介绍了人口信息分析模型,包括人口预测、空间自相关分析、人口重心、人口集中指数、回归分析、相关分析等模型;其次对基于GIS的人口信息管理系统进行了系统分析和设计,包括总体逻辑、数据库及功能设计;然后以江西省的人口信息为实验数据,以.NET为开发平台,借助ESRI公司提供的ArcEngine组件,采用C#语言开发了基于GIS的人口信息管理系统。该系统提供了对人口信息的查询与统计、预测、分析和成果输出等功能。这些功能不仅能够实现对区域人口的快速查询与统计,还能对同一区域内不同时间的人口信息进行统计分析,并建立预测模型。更为重要的是利用该系统的各种分析模型,对区域内未来人口进行科学的预测,研究过去以及未来的人口空间集聚性,人口重心的迁移等,从而为制定区域可持续发展以及国土整治,城乡建设、环境保护等工作提供了重要科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Population information is a kind of typical statistical information,besides the natural attribute,social,economic and cultural characteristics,which also had space characteristics. But in fact population is also distribute by the geographical spatial,population data has obvious space-time characteristics,traditional ways have more qualitative analysis and less quantitative analysis, for example, filed survey, statistical analysis, population maps and so on . Those methods has become increasingly do not meeting the real needs, and lack the truly integration of demographic and spatial information. GIS which is a efficient tool about spatial information management and application favored in population analysis as its powerful spatial analysis and visualization features. Therefore, establishing GIS-based population information management system play a positive role for the full development and application of population information resources, the strengthening of social management, and achieving information society. At the same time, PIMS can effectively implement the information sharing and utilization.Firstly, this paper introduces the model of population information analysis, including population projections, spatial autocorrelation analysis and population focus, population concentration index, regression analysis, correlation analysis, ect; secondly, the paper elaborate this system’s analysis and design such as general logic, database and functional design; finally, developing GIS-based PIMS take the Jiangxi Province’s demographic information as experimental data, .NET as development platform, with the ESRI provided ArcEngine components, and using C# language. The system provides inquiries, statistics, forecasts, analysis and outputting result functions basing on population information. These functions not only implement fast query and statistic on region’s population, but also statistic and analyze demographic information in the same region at different times, and build forecasting model. More importantly, using the system’s various analytical models forecast scientifically future population in region, research the spatial concentration of population and migration of population center of gravity in the past and future. So, the system provides important scientific basis for formulating regional sustainable development, land improvement, urban and rural construction and environmental protection.更多还原