检察机关职务犯罪初查制度的研究

【作者】 薛涛；

【导师】 巩富文；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 法学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 职务犯罪初查制度是我国检察机关诉讼实践的产物。长期的实践证明,职务犯罪初查对于慎重启动刑事追诉程序,保护公民合法权益和节约司法资源等方面具有十分重要作用。但是由于我国《刑事诉讼法》中没有关于职务犯罪初查制度的相应规定,使得职务犯罪初查在理论上争议不断,实践中备受限制,处境尴尬。因此,系统深入地对职务犯罪制度进行研究和探讨,不仅对于确保和促进反腐败工作健康发展具有重要的现实意义,而且还有助于推动我国刑事诉讼立法的进一步完善。本文分四章对职务犯罪初查制度进行论述：第一章主要是从历史、现实、法律三个不同方位对职务犯罪初查制度产生的原因进行了系统分析,同时并以时代发展的纵线对这一制度形成和发展的历程进行了较为系统地考察。第二章主要是从多视角对设立职务犯罪制度的必要性进行了深入地分析和探讨,即职务犯罪初查制度的存在是基于人权保障、职务犯罪审查逮捕权上提一级、健全人民群众监督机制、新《律师法》实施的要求。因为现实存在的未必就一定是合理的,要想更加有力地说明从立法上确认这一制度的必要性,必须首先论证这一制度切实存在的必要性。第三章着重对职务犯罪初查的性质和现行职务犯罪初查制度的主要缺陷进行了较为系统地分析。要为从立法上确认这一制度提供重要支持,对设立该项制度的必要性进行分析自然是一项必须的基本工作。但是对其性质进行分析,并对现行该项制度存在的主要缺陷进行细致地梳理,同样也是不容忽视的。只有对职务犯罪初查的性质有一个明确的界定和认识,才‘能给职务犯罪初查制度一个准确的定位；只有发现现行职务犯罪初查制度的主要缺陷所在,才能为从立法和实践方面完善这一制度提供明确的指向。第四章是本文选题的最终落脚点,也是经过以上分析得出的最后结论。主要是从职务犯罪初查制度的基本原则、立法完善和实践完善三个大的方面,阐述了对于完善这一制度的浅薄之见。当然,由于笔者才疏学浅,提出的意见和建议并不一定完全正确且具有可行性。所以,如果拙见能起到抛砖引玉的作用已是幸事。更多还原

【Abstract】 Jobbery crime denotation prauratorial organ system is the product of practice. Long-term practice has proved that the denotation of the duty crime in criminal prosecution for careful startup procedure, protect lawful rights and interests of citizens and saves judicial resources plays a very important role. But because the criminal procedure law concerning duty crime in the denotation of the system, make corresponding duty crime denotation in theory, practice is controversial, limit. Therefore, the system of duty crime system thoroughly studied and discussed, not only to ensure and promote the healthy development of anti-corruption work has important realistic meaning, but also helps to promote our country’s criminal procedure of further perfecting the legislation.This chapter four points of duty crime denotation system discussed:The first chapter mainly from the history, reality and legal position on three different crimes denotation of institutional reasons were analyzed systematically, at the same time, and with the development of The Times of this system ZongXian formation and development process of systematically.The second chapter basically set from many perspectives on duty crime system for the necessity of the thorough analysis and discussion, namely the denotation of the existing system of duty crime is based on human rights and the duty crime in examination arrested level, right healthy masses supervision mechanism and the implementation of the new law. Because of the existence of rational may be more powerful, want to confirm this from the legislation on the necessity of the system, the system must first argument to the necessity of existence.The third chapter focuses on the nature of the crime and the denotation of the current system of duty crime denotation main defects were systematically analyzed. To confirm this from the legislation to provide important support system, establish the system analyzed the necessity of nature is a basic work must be. But its properties are analyzed, and the system for the main defects in detail, also nots allow to ignore. Only the nature of the crime of denotation has a clear definition and understanding, to give an accurate denotation of duty crime; the positioning system, Only found the denotation of the system’s main duty crime, can be defect from the legislation and practice to perfect this system provides clear direction.This is the fourth chapter of the final selection is analyzed through above foothold, the final conclusion. Major duty crime is the basic principle, the denotation of the system and perfecting legislation of three big, expounds the system to improve the shallow. Of course, the author put forward CaiShuXueJian, because of the opinion and the suggestion does not necessarily completely correct and feasible. So, if given to a view to play a valuable role is good.更多还原