【作者】 呼冬雪；

【导师】 陈兆波；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 环境工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 印染废水属于高浓度难降解有机废水,采用常规的生物处理方法难以达标排放。通过分析印染废水水质特点和浙江省某污水处理厂实际废水处理技术路线,提出了利用“厌氧折流板(ABR)—交叉流好氧反应器(CFASR)”这一技术路线处理该种废水的方案。考察了ABR工艺系统的长期运行效果,结果表明,在HRT为11-12h,厌氧进水不调pH条件下,进水COD、BOD、SS平均值分别为1076mg/L、550mg/L、404mg/L,出水COD、BOD、SS平均值分别为621mg/L、444mg/L、183mg/L,平均COD、BOD、SS去除率分别为42%、19.2%、48.6%,以上数据说明ABR对COD、BOD、SS具有较好的去除效果；ABR进水B/C平均值为0.56,出水B/C平均值为0.68, B/C有所提高,说明可生化性有所改善。ABR进水VFA平均值为2.05 mmol/L,出水VFA平均值为1.77 mmol/L,VFA去除率变化范围为-82%-55%, VFA去除率为负值说明VFA在反应器中有累积,酸化效果较好。当COD/SO42-(m/m)=1.0时,在前60天,S042-的去除率较高,为50%-70%,而在60-90d, SO42-的去除率有所下降,为10%-40%,说明SRB已不占明显优势,产甲烷菌和产酸菌占优势。污水经ABR厌氧反应处理后,出水NH4+-N略有升高,而出水TN比进水略下降,水中总磷含量有所提高,将有益于后续的好氧微生物的正常生长。根据ABR反应器对印染废水的处理效果,确定了ABR的最佳运行参数：启动时HRT控制在60-30h,稳定运行时HRT控制在11-12h左右；启动时pH 7-8,稳定运行时pH 7-9.5；启动时MLSS为45g/L,稳定运行时MLSS为35-50g/L；启动时MLVSS为30g/L,稳定运行时MLVSS变化范围为20-35g/L；启动容积负荷采用2.0～6.0kgCOD/(m3·d),稳定运行时容积负荷控制在6.0～12.0kgCOD/(m3·d);启动污泥负荷应控制在0.1kgCOD/(kgMLVSS·d)左右,稳定运行时0.2～0.5kgCOD/(kgMLVSS·d);试验过程中,上升流速为1.7m/h,ORP应为-400--500mV,碱度为600-1200mg/L,温度为30-40℃。考察了与ABR串联的好氧小试反应器运行效果,结果表明：出水COD小于100mg/L,BOD小于15mg/L,工艺参数范围为：HRT=16h,pH=7.5-8.5,MLSS为1500-4000mg/L,MLVSS/MLSS大于0.5,温度在25-36℃之间变化,污泥负荷变化范围为0.2～0.4kgCOD/(kgMLSS·d),容积负荷变化范围为0.8～1.5 kgCOD/(m3·d).考察了与ABR串联的好氧中试反应器运行效果,结果表明：当HRT=17h时,好氧中试进水COD变化范围为523-776mg/L,好氧中试出水COD变化范围为66-112mg/L,平均值为93mg/L。当HRT降低到14h时,好氧中试出水COD一直大于100mg/L。进水BOD多在400-500mg/L之间,出水BOD小于15mg/L,BOD去除率大于96%。工艺参数范围为：HRT=17h,pH=7.5-8.5,MLSS为2000-5000mg/L,MLVSS/MLSS大于0.55,温度在20-35℃之间变化,污泥负荷变化范围为0.1～0.4kgCOD/(kgMLSS·d),容积负荷变化范围为0.5～0.8 kgCOD/(m3·d)。更多还原

【Abstract】 Printing and dyeing wastewater belongs to highly concentrated and difficultly degradable organic wastewater, which is difficult to be released up to standard by conventional biological treatment. After analyzing the character of printing and dyeing wastewater and the practical wastewater treatment technology route of a sewage disposal plant in Zhejiang Province, we bring forward the plan through which the technology route of "anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR)-cross flow aerobic sludge reactor (CFASR)" is utilized to treat this kind of wastewater.Long term operation effect of ABR technics system is examined and results show that under the condition that HRT is 11～12 h, the anaerobic influent pH is unregulated, the average influent COD, BOD and SS value are 1076 mg/L,550 mg/L and 404 mg/L respectively, the average effluent COD, BOD and SS value are 621 mg/L,444 mg/L and 183 mg/L respectively, and the average COD, BOD, SS removal rate are 42%,19.2% and 48.6% respectively. Above data indicate that ABR possesses finer removel effect to COD, BOD and SS. The average value of influent B/C is 0.56, and the average value of effluent B/C is 0.68. The elevation of B/C indicates the improvement of biochemical degradability. The average influent VFA is 2.05 mmol/L, the average effluent VFA is 1.77 mmol/L, and the VFA removal rate variation range is-82～55%. The negative VFA removal rate indicates that there exists accumulation of VFA in the reactor and the acidification effect is finer. When COD/SO42- (m/m) is less than 1.0 during the previous 60 days, the SO42- removal rate is high, between 50% and 70%; during 60～90 d, the SO42- removal rate is decreased to 10～40%, which indicates that SRB do not dominate already while methanogens and acid-producing bacteria (AB) do. Through anaerobic reaction treatment by ABR, effluent NH4+-N rises slightly, effluent TN declines slightly compared with influent TN, and TP content in water rises, so the latter aerobic microbes will be beneficial to grow well.According to the processing effect of ABR to printing and dyeing wastewater, the optimal operating parameters of ABR are determined:the startup HRT is controlled at 60～30 h, and the steady operation HRT is at 11～12 h; the startup pH is 7～8, and the steady operation pH is 7～9.5; the startup MLSS is 45 g/L, and the steady operation MLSS is 35～50 g/L; the startup MLVSS is 30 g/L, and the variation range of steady operation MLVSS is 20～35 g/L; the startup volume load is controlled at 2.0～6.0 kgCOD/(m3·d), and the steady operation volume load is 6.0～12.0 kgCOD/(m3·d); the startup sludge load is controlled around 0.1 kgCOD/(kgMLVSS-d), and the steady operation sludge load is 0.2～0.5 kgCOD/(kgMLVSS·d); in the trial process, the upflow velocity is 1.7 m/h, ORP is-400～-500 mV, the alkalinity is 600～1200 mg/L and the temperature is 30～40℃.The operation effect of lab scale aerobic reactor in series with ABR is examined, and results show:effluent COD is less than 100 mg/L, BOD is less than 15 mg/L and ranges of technological parameters are:HRT= 16 h, pH=7.5～8.5, MLSS=1500～4000 mg/L, MLVSS/MLSS is greated than 0.5, the tempersture is 25～36℃, the variation range of the sludge load is 0.2-0.4 kgCOD/(kgMLSS·d), and that of the volume load is 0.8～1.5 kgCOD/(m3·d).The operation effect of pilot scale aerobic reactor in series with ABR is examined, and results show:when HRT= 17 h, the variation range of pilot scale aerobic influent COD is 523～776 mg/L, that of effluent COD is 66～112 mg/L and the average value is 93 mg/L; when HRT is decreased to 14 h, the pilot scale aerobic effluent COD lasts higher than 100 mg/L. Influent BOD is usually 400～500 mg/L, effluent BOD is less than 15 mg/L, and the BOD removal rate is larger than 96%. Ranges of technological parameters are:HRT= 17 h, pH= 7.5-8.5, MLSS=2 000～5 000 mg/L, MLVSS/MLSS is greated than 0.55, the tempersture range is 20～35℃, the variation range of the sludge load is 0.1～0.4 kgCOD/(kgMLSS·d), and that of the volume load is 0.5～0.8 kgCOD/(m3·d).更多还原