【作者】 陈艳；

【导师】 骆洪；

【作者基本信息】 云南大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 美国现代戏剧的先驱、诺贝尔文学奖得主尤金·奥尼尔的晚期作品《进入黑夜的漫长旅程》以其对人物感情独特而富有表现力的呈现方式为人们称道。学者们从不同的角度出发,对该剧感情呈现方式进行了阐释,包括对该剧历史文化背景的研究、作者生平与该剧的对比研究、心理分析、结构主义研究等。理论的不断发展为文学分析提供了新的基础和视野。本文从叙事分析的角度探讨戏剧叙事节奏在该剧独白中对其情感隔阂主题的体现。随着叙事学的发展,叙事分析早已突破了主要针对小说研究的局限,开始对各种文学艺术形式的叙事原理进行研究。戏剧叙事研究虽然尚处于探索阶段,但戏剧作为最古老的文学形式之一,其叙事原理理应得到足够重视。叙事学的发展从来都和文学批评的发展密切联系,戏剧叙事原理自然与戏剧批评的方法密不可分。基于戏剧节奏理论的研究能够比较清楚地阐释剧作家如何调动各种戏剧元素为所要表达的主题服务,因此,本文将叙事分析的方法与戏剧节奏理论相结合分析《进入黑夜的漫长旅程》中独白的叙事节奏,探讨叙事节奏如何呈现该剧感情隔阂主题。本文所讨论的叙事节奏不仅涉及故事时间与叙述时间的关系,更将叙事节奏与其他叙事手段相结合,关注剧中独白分布的节奏特点,不可靠叙事的节奏性和叙事焦点的节奏性转换,讨论它们在塑造人物和揭示作品主题方面的作用。节奏普遍存在于戏剧和其它艺术作品中。戏剧节奏是戏剧中所包含的各种不同要素的有次序、可衡量的变化,所有这些变化递进般地刺激观赏者的注意力,并将其引向剧作家的最终目标。戏剧节奏是戏剧的内在构成,它由诸多’因素构成,包括话语、场景、动作等的交替、重复和停顿等。从叙事分析的角度看,戏剧节奏是反映剧情发展与变化的速度,并且通过自身运动带动观众反映,是连接戏剧与观众之间的纽带。本文结合戏剧叙事理论和戏剧节奏理论,论证该剧独白的节奏性叙事对表现情感隔阂主题的重要作用,指出节奏性叙事生动真实地展示了人物丰富而矛盾的内心世界并将人物间无形的隔阂有力地表现了出来,因此,节奏特征是《进入黑夜的漫长旅程》艺术魅力的关键因素之一。更多还原

【Abstract】 Owing to its expressive presentation of characters’complicated mentalities and emotions, Long Day’s Journey into Night (LJN) has been widely regarded as a masterpiece of Eugene O’Neill. Critics interpret this play from various perspectives including biographical, historical, psycho-analytical, and structural approaches. However, the development of theories may offer new perspectives for literary criticism. This thesis argues, in light of narrative analysis, that the Rhythmic Narrative in the monologues of the play helps to reveal the theme of emotional isolation effectively.Narrative analysis has outgrown its exclusive discussion of narrative fiction and begins to marry other genres (besides novels) of literature, and even other artistic forms. Dramatic Narratology is still at the beginning, but as drama is one of the oldest forms of literature, the importance of dramatic narrative is evident. The development of Narratology has been closely related to the breakthroughs in literary criticism. Naturally, the development of dramatic Narratology will not be separated from dramatic theories and criticisms. Since approaches based on Rhythm of Drama are aimed at clarifying how the playwright manipulates various elements of drama to convey his final aim in creating the play, this thesis combines narrative analysis with the approaches highlighting Rhythm of Drama to analyze the rhythmic features in the monologues of LJN to explore how the Rhythmic Narrative presents the theme of emotional isolation.The Rhythmic Narrative discussed in this thesis is more than the relationship between story time and narrative time. Instead, it lies in every aspect of narrative. However, as the characters’complicated mentalities and emotions are most strongly presented in the monologues of the play, this thesis concentrates on the rhythmic features of the monologues of LJN, including the rhythmic distribution of the monologues, the repeated Unreliable Narrative and frequent alternations of focalization. In light of narrative analysis, they constitute important means of characterization and point to the playwright’s final aim in creating this play.The Rhythm of Drama, like the rhythm of any other forms of art, is "the sequent and measurable changes of different elements of drama, and all these changes constantly and increasingly stimulate the audience’s attention and bring it to the artist’s final aim1". Rhythms exist in almost every basic aspect of drama like settings, choices of words (repetition of the pronunciations, words, and phrases), alternations and length of dialogues, language strategies, attitudes and gestures of characters and styles. Rhythm is one of the inherent elements of drama. It is made up of several ingredients including the alternations, repetitions and pauses in dialogues, settings, actions, etc. In the sense of narrative analysis, rhythm reflects the pace of the plot and stirs emotional responses within the readers (audience) with changes of its own, so it is the ligament between the play and the readers (audience).This thesis, therefore, directs the study to the rhythmic features of the characters’ lengthy monologues from the perspective of narrative analysis, and it is aimed at demonstrating the theme of emotional isolation via such rhythmic arrangement of narrative. It points out that Rhythmic Narrative is an important means of characterization in LJN and that emotional isolation, the deepest tragedy of the Tyrone family, has been embodied artistically and fully through the playwright’s application of Rhythmic Narrative. Therefore, the Rhythmic Narrative is crucial for the artistic achievement of O’Neill’s masterpiece, LJN.更多还原