【作者】 高翔；

【导师】 黄靓；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 结构工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 与世界发达国家相比,我国是一个能源消耗大国。我国的建筑能耗总量逐年上升,在能源总消耗量中所占的比例越来越大。对此,国家建设部对长江中下游夏热冬冷地区制定了《夏热冬冷地区居住建筑节能设计标准》。但应用于夏热冬冷地区高层建筑中的节能墙体的抗震性能试验与研究在国内尚未开展。因此,对配筋混凝土砌块复合节能墙体抗震性能的研究具有非常重大的意义。与普通灌孔砌块砌体相比,开槽砌块灌孔砌体的受力性能更接近实际工程。本文通过3组9个抗压试件,了解开槽砌块灌孔砌体的受压开裂荷载、极限承载力、破坏形态和变形能力。试验结果表明,开槽砌块灌孔砌体受压时开裂较早,抗压强度与普通灌孔砌块砌体相差不多。采用应力法提出开槽砌块灌孔砌体抗压强度公式,并建立灌孔与未灌孔砌块砌体抗压强度统一公式。根据试验数据回归得到开槽砌块灌孔砌体应力-应变曲线以及弹性模量的取值。本文分别通过3组18个开槽砌块灌孔砌体抗剪试件与4组24个N式砌块砌体抗剪试件,了解两种灌孔砌体受剪开裂荷载、极限承载力和破坏形态。试验结果表明,两种灌孔砌体的抗剪强度较普通灌孔砌块砌体均有一定提高。通过Hoffman准则建立开槽砌块灌孔砌体抗剪强度公式,并建立开槽与不开槽砌块灌孔砌体抗剪强度统一表达式。另通过对现行规范公式的改进,建立N式砌块砌体抗剪强度公式,并在此基础上建立一般灌孔砌块砌体抗剪强度公式。通过这两种方法建立的公式的计算值与试验结果吻合较好,其中前者更接近试验数据。本文通过2片整体拉结式足尺寸开槽砌块砌体复合节能墙体受压试验来研究复合节能墙体的整体受压性能。通过2片整体拉结式足尺寸复合节能墙体的水平低周反复荷载试验,了解复合节能墙体内、外叶墙的破坏形态、承载力、变形能力、滞回性能、刚度退化、延性性能以及耗能特性,为高层配筋混凝土砌块复合节能墙体设计提供理论依据。本文对内填不同保温材料(膨胀聚苯板或陶粒)的复合墙体的传热系数和热惰性指标进行了理论分析和计算,并通过热工性能试验对2片墙体的传热系数进行了检测分析,结果表明内填膨胀聚苯板复合节能墙体的热工性能指标低于国家标准规定的限值,具备优良的隔热保温性能,建议在实际工程中采用。本文的成果可为开槽砌块砌体复合节能墙体的设计和理论研究提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Compared with the developed countries, energy consumption in China was considerable.The building energy consumption in China increased year by year and the proportion in the total energy consumption was growing.In this regard, The Ministry of Construction established the principle of "Design Standard for Energy Efficiency of Residential Building in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone".However, the experimental research on seismic behavior of the energy saving wall used in tall building in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone has not been carried out yet.Therefore, the experimental research on seismic behavior of reinforced masonry multiwythe wall was significant.Compared to ordinary grouted masonry, the mechanical properties of the grouted slotted block masonry were more realistic.In this paper,9 compressive specimens of 3 groups were tested to investigate the cracking resistant load,ultimate load,failure modes and deformation capacity of the grouted slotted block masonry. The results showed that the grouted slotted block masonry cracked early and the compressive strength was moderately identical with the ordinary grouted masonry. Based on compressive mechanism of concrete block masonry and the main factors influencing the compressive strength,the calculation formula of compressive strength was established by the stress method.The unified compressive strength formula of grouted masonry and ungrouted masonry was established also.By compressive tests on specimens,the whole stress-strain curve was obtained and the value of elastic modulus of the grouted slotted block masonry was proposed.Through the experiments of 18 shear specimens of 3 groups,the cracking resistant load,the ultimate capacity and deformation capacity of the grouted slotted block masonry were analyzed.Through the experiments of 24 shear specimens of 4 groups,the cracking resistant load,the ultimate capacity and deformation capacity of the N-block masonry were analyzed.It was shown that the shear strength of the two kinds of grouted masonry was moderately higher than ordinary grouted masonry. Based on shear mechanism of concrete block masonry and the main factors influencing the shear strength,the calculation formula of shear strength was established by the Hoffman theory and modifying the calculation formula in the Code for Design of Masonry Structures. Through the compressive experiments of 2 whole-tied-type reinforced masonry multiwythe walls,the overall compressive performance of the walls were analyzed. The failure modes,the ultimate strength,deformation capacity, hysteretic behavior, stiffness degradation,ductility and dissipative characteristics etc seismic performance of interior and exterior wall of reinforced masonry multiwythe walls had been preliminary studied through 2 walls.The consequents could provide theoretical basis for designing high-level multiwythe walls.The heat transfer coefficient and index of thermal inertia of multiwythe walls were analyzed in which different heat preservation stuff was filled.And through the thermal performance test,the heat transfer coefficient of 2 walls was detected.It was shown that the thermal performance index of multiwythe walls filled with polystyrene board met standard requirements.The results of the paper can be used to reference for design and theoretical research of reinforced masonry multiwythe walls.更多还原