【作者】 李江艳；

【导师】 韩宝育；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 语言学及应用语言学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 模因是一种复制因子。模因论认为,任何一种行为或现象只要能够通过广义上的模仿行为得到传播,它就是模因。语言中的仿拟是一种典型的模因现象,它通过对现成的语言形式的模仿来产生新的语言形式。传统语言学中对于仿拟的研究仅限于在修辞范围内进行,本课题将以模因论为视角,通过对所搜集到的大量语料进行分析来探讨语言交际中的仿拟现象,借以说明仿旧拟新的现象在语言传承和演变过程中的重要意义。用模因论研究仿拟为探讨语言演变的规律提供了新的视角、拓展了新的思路。本课题共分七部分进行阐述：引言部分：主要对本课题的研究现状、目的、方法和语料来源以及本课题的创新之处进行综述和说明。第1章：主要综述了模因论及其研究现状。首先介绍模因的由来,其次介绍国内外关于模因论的研究现状,最后分析模因的本质及其与其他学科的关系。第2章：主要探讨了模因与语言仿拟的关系。模因论是一种关于文化进化的理论,语言是文化的基础,语言进化的规律符合文化进化的发展规律；语言本身就是一种模因,语言仿拟现象中的复制和变异实际上是语言发展演变的结果。第3章：以模因论为视角重新阐释了仿拟的概念、特点及其构成。仿拟是通过模仿行为变异已有语言形式从而为语言交际服务的一种语言现象,模仿性和变异性是仿拟的本质特征。仿拟在构成上是通过语模的移植实现的,其要素包括本体、仿体和语模。根据本体在仿拟中是否出现,仿拟表现为明仿和暗仿两种形式。第4章：以语模为参照点探究了仿拟的类型。以语模的语言单位来划分,仿拟可以分为仿词、仿语、仿句和仿篇；以语模的形式来划分,仿拟可以分为仿音、拟格和拟体；以语模的层次来划分,仿拟可以分为单一仿拟和复合仿拟。仿拟是语言表达者在进行交际时有意而为之的特殊语言现象,其目的是为了更有效地传输表达意图,使得语言或者简洁易懂,或者生动幽默,或者更有讽刺意味。第5章：探讨了运用模因研究仿拟的意义。在模因论看来,仿拟是在特定语境下对旧模因的变异性模仿而产生新模因的语言现象,也是语言模因自身复制和选择的结果。旧模因的复制,体现了语言的传承性；新模因的产生,揭示了语言演变的规律。结语部分：模因论为语言研究引入了信息复制的观点,为研究语言现象提供了新的视角。仿拟作为一种典型的语言模因现象对于语言的传承性和语言的变异性的研究有重要的意义。但是,如果在语言应用中不遵循语言系统自身的特点和规律,不注重语言与文化的关系,滥用仿拟,不仅会给语言交际带来不便,而且还会给人类的社会生活带来负面的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 The meme is a replicator. In Memetics, meme is any act or phenomenon which is broadly spread through the imitation of behavior. Parody is a typical model of the meme phenomenon which produces a new form of language through imitation of available form of language. Traditional linguistics studies only within the rhetoric area. This article analyses on parody though a large number of collected corpus in Memetics perspective, and.intended to illustrate the importance of phenomenon of new linguistic heritage and evolution. Using Memetics of parody to the law of language evolution provides a new perspective, develop new ideas. This paper consists of seven parts:Introduction:Introducing the studying status, purpose, research methods and sources corpus.Chapter One:Introducing the Memetics, including the Memetics origins, introduction of domestic and international Memetics researchs, and analysis on the nature of memes and the relationship with other disciplines.Chapter Two:Analyzing the relationship between meme and parody of language. Memetics is a theory of cultural evolution. Language is the basis of culture. The Law of language evolution is consistent with the law of cultural evolution. Language is a meme naturally. Actually reproduction and mutation of language parody is the result of language evolution.Chapter Three:Interpreting concept, characteristics and composition of parody in Memetics perspective. Parody is the phenomenon that language form is changed by imitating behavior to service language communication. Imitation and variation are the essential characteristics of parody. Parody in the composition is achieved through the language model of transplantation. Parody elements include body, fake body, and language model. According to the body appearance, parody performance two forms, bright or dark.Chapter Four:Using language model as a reference point to analyze the type of parody. Parody is classified into parody words, parody language, parody sentences and parody articles according to units of language model; is classified into parody sound, parody case and parody style according to form of language model; is classified into single and composite parody according to arrangement of language model. Parody is the special language phenomenon which communicators knowingly use during communication to express more effectively in simpler, more understandable, lively, facetious, or ironic language.Chapter Five:Analyzing the mean of Memetics study on parody. In Memetics, parody is a language phenomenon which produces new meme through variability imitation of old meme in a particular language environment, and is the result of replication and selection of language meme. Old meme replication reflects the heritage of the language. New meme production demonstrates the rule of language evolution.Conclusion:As a typical meme language phenomenon, parody has important significance on language inheritance and variation research. However, if we do not follow the characteristics and laws of the language system in language application, and abuse language parody, it not only inconveniences the language communication, but also makes negative impact on humanity social life.更多还原